Expression patterns of three Par-related genes in sea urchin embryos

Shiomi, Kosuke; Yamaguchi, Masatoshi

doi:10.1016/j.gep.2008.01.002

Cited by 8 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Although par6 is ubiquitously expressed during the development (Shiomi and Yamaguchi 2008;Fig. 1a-e), in pluteus larvae, Par6 signals were detected along the skeletal rods ( Fig. 1i-k); Par6 appeared to be localized in the syncytial cable of PMCs, since few signals were observed in the PMC cell body or spicule space, where calcite had been dissolved during fixation (asterisk and inset in Fig.…”

Section: Par6 Is Accumulated Along Skeletal Rods and In Digestive Tramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For rescue experiments, a truncated construct lacking the 21 bp following the initiation methionine codon was generated by inverse-PCR, using Hp-par6 in pBluescript RN3' (Shiomi and Yamaguchi 2008) and KOD FX DNA polymerase (TOYOBO). The primers used were as follows:…”

Section: Preparation Of Constructs Used For In Vitro Transcriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Digoxygenin (DIG)-labeled probes were transcribed using DIG-labeling mix (Roche) from Hp-apkc, par6 (Shiomi and Yamaguchi 2008), sm30 (Kitajima et al 1996), and Hp-p16 cDNAs (this study).…”

Section: Whole-mount In Situ Hybridization (Wmish)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Par6 regulates skeletogenesis and gut differentiation in sea urchin larvae

et al. 2012

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Partitioning-defective (par) genes were originally identified as genes that are essential for the asymmetric division of the Caenorhabditis elegans zygote. Studies have since revealed that the gene products are part of an evolutionarily conserved PAR-aPKC system involved in cell polarity in various biological contexts.In this study, we analyzed the function of par6 during sea urchin morphogenesis by morpholino-mediated knockdown and by manipulation swapping of the primary mesenchyme cells (PMCs). Loss of Par6 resulted in defects in skeletogenesis and gut differentiation in larvae. Phenotypic analyses of chimeras constructed by PMC swapping showed that Par6 in non-PMCs is required for differentiation of archenteron into functional gut. In contrast, Par6 in both PMCs and ectodermal cells cooperatively regulates skeletogenesis. We suggest that Par6 in PMCs plays an immediate role in the deposition of biomineral in the syncytial cable, whereas Par6 in ectoderm may stabilize skeletal rods via an unknown signal(s).4

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Section: Par6 Is Accumulated Along Skeletal Rods and In Digestive Tramentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Preparation Of Constructs Used For In Vitro Transcriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Par6 regulates skeletogenesis and gut differentiation in sea urchin larvae

et al. 2012

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“…An atypical PKC of the sea urchin H. pulcherrimus has been reported. 22) We found the DNA region corresponding the N-terminal PB1 domain of S. purpuratus aPKC upstream of LOC581257, which is almost identical with H. pulcherrimus atypical PKC N-terminal 93 amino acid residues. This sea-urchin PKC (Sp-aPKC) is the -type of atypical PKC, and domain analysis by SMART indicated that it contains a PB1 domain, a C1 domain, and a Ser/Thr kinase domain.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Furthermore, we believe that to study the roles of PKC isoforms in lower invertebrates is an efficient way to understand the housekeeping functions of PKCs. Concerning sea urchin PKCs, conventional and atypical PKC cDNAs of Lytechimus pictus 21) and Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus 22) respectively, have been reported. Recently, the whole genome sequence of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus was published on the Web (http://www.hgsc.bcm.tmc.edu/projects/seaurchin/).…”

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Molecular Cloning and Expression of Starfish Protein Kinase C Isoforms

Miyake

Yasui

Ikeda

et al. 2009

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

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Influence of cell polarity on early development of the sea urchin embryo

Moorhouse

Gudejko

McDougall

et al. 2015

Developmental Dynamics

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Background Establishment and maintenance of cell polarity is critical for normal embryonic development. Previously, it was thought that the echinoderm embryo remained relatively unpolarized until the first asymmetric division at the 16 cell stage. Here we analyzed roles of the cell polarity regulators, the PAR complex proteins, and how their disruption in early development affects later developmental milestones. Results We found that PAR6, aPKC and CDC42 localize to the apical cortex as early as the 2 cell stage and that this localization is retained through the gastrula stage. Interestingly, PAR1 also colocalizes with these apical markers through the gastrula stage. Additionally, PAR1 was found to be in complex with aPKC, but not PAR6. PAR6, aPKC, and CDC42 are anchored in the cortical actin cytoskeleton by assembled myosin. Furthermore, assembled myosin was found to be necessary to maintain proper PAR6 localization through subsequent cleavage divisions. Interference with myosin assembly prevented the embryos from reaching the blastula stage, while transient disruptions of either actin or microtubules did not have this effect. Conclusions These observations suggest that disruptions of the polarity in the early embryo can have a significant impact on the ability of the embryo to reach later critical stages in development.

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Expression patterns of three Par-related genes in sea urchin embryos

Cited by 8 publications

References 28 publications

Par6 regulates skeletogenesis and gut differentiation in sea urchin larvae

Par6 regulates skeletogenesis and gut differentiation in sea urchin larvae

Molecular Cloning and Expression of Starfish Protein Kinase C Isoforms

Influence of cell polarity on early development of the sea urchin embryo

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