Expression Profile of MicroRNAs in Young Stroke Patients

Abstract. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, endogenous, non-coding RNA molecules that function as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression by imperfect base-pairing with the 3'-untranslated regions of their target mRNAs. Altered expression of numerous miRNAs has been shown to be extensively involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases and cancers. Additionally, the specific expression of miRNAs in the nervous system has indicated that miRNAs are critical for the occurrence and development of neurological diseases. Increasing evidence has shown that specific miRNAs target the expression of particular proteins that are significant in the disease pathogenesis. Therefore, miRNA-mediated regulation may be important in the occurrence and development of neurological diseases and may function as a novel biomarker and tool for clinical therapy. In the present study, the significance of miRNAs is reviewed in a number of neurological disorders and the possibility of their use in therapeutic interventions is evaluated.

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“…Previous studies have shown that stroke also induces changes in the miRNA expression profiles in rodents, as well as humans (30,31) (Table I).…”

Section: Strokementioning

confidence: 91%

Neuroprotection of microRNA in neurological disorders (Review)

Wang

Cheng

et al. 2014

Biomedical Reports

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“…The technology to measure RNA is evolving, as is the understanding of the many types of RNA that exist. Indeed, most studies to date have focused on messenger RNA, whereas more recently described RNA, such as microRNA and snoRNA, still require further evaluation as potential biomarkers in stroke [30].…”

Section: Biomarkers For the Diagnosis Of Ischemic Strokementioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Biomarkers of Ischemic Stroke

2011

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This review provides a summary of the protein and RNA biomarkers that have been studied for the diagnosis and assessment of ischemic stroke. Many of the biomarkers identified relate to the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke, including ischemia of CNS tissue, acute thrombosis and inflammatory response. These biomarkers are summarized by their intended clinical application in ischemic stroke including diagnosis, prediction of stroke severity and outcome, and stratification of patients for stroke therapy. Among the biomarkers discussed are recent whole genome studies using RNA expression profiles to diagnose ischemic stroke and stroke etiology. Though many candidate blood based biomarkers for ischemic stroke have been identified, none are currently used in clinical practice. With further well designed study and careful validation, the development of blood biomarkers to improve the care of patients with ischemic stroke may be achieved.

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“…There are several microRNAs that are altered in response to brain injury after stroke or seizures (Liu et al, 2010). In one study of young stroke patients, these profiles correlated with the type of stroke they suffered and the progress of recovery (Tan et al, 2009). These studies demonstrate that microRNAs, if specific and readily detectable at the appropriate times, could be powerful tools not only for the diagnosis, but also the treatment of neurological disorders.…”

Section: Future Research Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Mechanisms in Stroke and Epilepsy

Hwang

Aromolaran

Zukin

2012

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Epigenetic remodeling and modifications of chromatin structure by DNA methylation and histone modifications represent central mechanisms for the regulation of neuronal gene expression during brain development, higher-order processing, and memory formation. Emerging evidence implicates epigenetic modifications not only in normal brain function, but also in neuropsychiatric disorders. This review focuses on recent findings that disruption of chromatin modifications have a major role in the neurodegeneration associated with ischemic stroke and epilepsy. Although these disorders differ in their underlying causes and pathophysiology, they share a common feature, in that each disorder activates the gene silencing transcription factor REST (repressor element 1 silencing transcription factor), which orchestrates epigenetic remodeling of a subset of 'transcriptionally responsive targets' implicated in neuronal death. Although ischemic insults activate REST in selectively vulnerable neurons in the hippocampal CA1, seizures activate REST in CA3 neurons destined to die. Profiling the array of genes that are epigenetically dysregulated in response to neuronal insults is likely to advance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of these disorders and may lead to the identification of novel therapeutic strategies for the amelioration of these serious human conditions.

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Expression Profile of MicroRNAs in Young Stroke Patients

Cited by 368 publications

References 31 publications

Neuroprotection of microRNA in neurological disorders (Review)

Neuroprotection of microRNA in neurological disorders (Review)

Blood Biomarkers of Ischemic Stroke

Epigenetic Mechanisms in Stroke and Epilepsy

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