Expression Profiling of Plant Cell Wall-Degrading Enzyme Genes in Eucryptorrhynchus scrobiculatus Midgut

Gao, Peng; Liu, Zhenkai; Wen, Junbao

doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.01111

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(120 reference statements)

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“…For example, the lignocellulolytic enzymes were localized to the midgut regions of the D. carolina digestive tract, and then database searches indicated high similarity with the endo-β-1,4glucanases from invertebrates, bacteria, and plants (Willis et al, 2010). The relative expression levels of 12 digestive enzyme genes in the midgut were significantly higher than those in the other tissues for Eucryptorrhynchus scrobiculatus (Gao et al, 2020). High endo-β-1,4-glucanase activity was detected in the midgut of the Eurycantha calcarata (Shelomi et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of Gramineous Lignocellulose by Locusta migratoria manilensis (Orthoptera: Acridoidea)

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Exploring an efficient and green pretreatment method is an important prerequisite for the development of biorefinery. It is well known that locusts can degrade gramineous lignocellulose efficiently. Locusts can be used as a potential resource for studying plant cell wall degradation, but there are few relative studies about locusts so far. Herein, some new discoveries were revealed about elucidating the process of biodegradation of gramineous lignocellulose in Locusta migratoria manilensis. The enzyme activity related to lignocellulose degradation and the content of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in the different gut segments of locusts fed corn leaves were measured in this study. A series of characterization analyses were conducted on corn leaves and locust feces, which included field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. These results showed that the highest activities of carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase), filter paper cellulase (FPA), and xylanase were obtained in the foregut of locusts, which strongly indicated that the foregut was the main lignocellulose degradation segment in locusts; furthermore, the majority of nutritional components were absorbed in the midgut of locusts. The activity of CMCase was significantly higher than that of xylanase, and manganese peroxidase (MnPase) activity was lowest, which might be due to the basic nutrition of locusts being cellulose and hemicellulose and not lignin based on the results of FE-SEM, FTIR, XRD, and TG analysis. Overall, these results provided a valuable insight into lignocellulosic degradation mechanisms for understanding gramineous plant cell wall deconstruction and recalcitrance in locusts, which could be useful in the development of new enzymatic pretreatment processes mimicking the locust digestive system for the biochemical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to fuels and chemicals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of Gramineous Lignocellulose by Locusta migratoria manilensis (Orthoptera: Acridoidea)

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“…In nature, there are different processes for decomposition of lignocellulose that rely on microbial communities producing a variety of lignocellulolytic enzymes. The intestinal microbiota of different insect species using foliage, wood or detritus as substrate are important for the degradation of organic material like lignin, and cellulose [ 119 – 121 ].…”

Section: Intestinal Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth efficiency, intestinal biology, and nutrient utilization and requirements of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae compared to monogastric livestock species: a review

Seyedalmoosavi

Mielenz

Veldkamp

et al. 2022

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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In recent years, interest in the larvae of black soldier fly (BSF) (Hermetia illucens) as a sustainable protein resource for livestock feed has increased considerably. However, knowledge on the nutritional and physiological aspects of this insect, especially compared to other conventional farmed animals is scarce. This review presents a critical comparison of data on the growth potential and efficiency of the BSF larvae (BSFL) compared to conventional monogastric livestock species. Advantages of BSFL over other monogastric livestock species includes their high growth rate and their ability to convert low-grade organic waste into high-quality protein and fat-rich biomass suitable for use in animal feed. Calculations using literature data suggest that BSFL are more efficient than broilers, pigs and fish in terms of conversion of substrate protein into body mass, but less efficient than broilers and fish in utilization of substrate gross energy to gain body mass. BSFL growth efficiency varies greatly depending on the nutrient quality of their dietary substrates. This might be associated with the function of their gastrointestinal tract, including the activity of digestive enzymes, the substrate particle characteristics, and their intestinal microbial community. The conceived advantage of BSFL having an environmental footprint better than conventional livestock is only true if BSFL is produced on low-grade organic waste and its protein would directly be used for human consumption. Therefore, their potential role as a new species to better close nutrient cycles in agro-ecological systems needs to be reconsidered, and we conclude that BSFL is a complementary livestock species efficiently utilizing organic waste that cannot be utilized by other livestock. In addition, we provide comparative insight into morpho-functional aspects of the gut, characterization of digestive enzymes, gut microbiota and fiber digestion. Finally, current knowledge on the nutritional utilization and requirements of BSFL in terms of macro- and micro-nutrients is reviewed and found to be rather limited. In addition, the research methods to determine nutritional requirements of conventional livestock are not applicable for BSFL. Thus, there is a great need for research on the nutrient requirements of BSFL.

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“…Apart from protein-metabolizing enzymes, the most common hemicellulase enzyme [ 52 ], xylanase, was found in the gut of RPW [ 53 ]. Xylanase (EC: 3.2.1.8) is an enzyme that hydrolyzes xylan ( Table 1 ), which is the major constituent of hemicelluloses of plant cell walls.…”

Section: Protein Profile Of Rpw’s Gutmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In another study, the expression profiling of RPW’s gut showed the identification of key enzymes in the digestion of plant cell walls ( Table 2 ), namely cellulase (EC: 3.2.1.4), hemicellulase and pectinase (EC: 3.2.1.15) [ 54 , 88 ]. Those three enzymes function in catalyzing the degradation of major polysaccharides in the cell walls of most plant cells, including cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin [ 52 ]. As RPW is the major pest for many plant species by attacking and feeding on plant stems, the inhibition of these enzymes in RPW will lead to indigestion and starvation, eventually resulting in death [ 89 ].…”

Section: Rpw’s Gut Transcriptome Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Digestive System of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus as Potential Target to Develop Control Strategies

Seman-Kamarulzaman,

Pariamiskal,

Azidi

et al. 2023

Insects

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Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, commonly known as red palm weevil (RPW), is a high-risk insect pest that has become a threat to many important palm species. There are several dominant factors that lead to the successful infestation of RPW, including its stealthy lifestyle, highly chitinized mouthpart, and high fecundity rate. Due to that, millions of dollars of losses have been suffered by many countries invaded by RPW. Several methods have been designed to control its invasion, including the usage of insecticides, but many cause resistance and environmental pollution. Therefore, an environmentally friendly insecticide that targets specific systems or pathways in RPW is urgently needed. One of the potential targets is the digestive system of RPW, as it is the major interface between the insect and its plant host. The related knowledge of RPW’s digestive system, such as the anatomy, microflora, transcriptomic analysis, and proteomic analysis, is important to understand its effects on RPW’s survival. Several data from different omics regarding the digestive systems of RPW have been published in separate reports. Some of the potential targets have been reported to be inhibited by certain potential insecticides, while other targets have not yet been tested with any inhibitors. Hence, this review may lead to a better understanding on managing infestations of RPW using the system biology approach for its digestive system.

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Expression Profiling of Plant Cell Wall-Degrading Enzyme Genes in Eucryptorrhynchus scrobiculatus Midgut

Cited by 4 publications

References 54 publications

Biodegradation of Gramineous Lignocellulose by Locusta migratoria manilensis (Orthoptera: Acridoidea)

Biodegradation of Gramineous Lignocellulose by Locusta migratoria manilensis (Orthoptera: Acridoidea)

Growth efficiency, intestinal biology, and nutrient utilization and requirements of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae compared to monogastric livestock species: a review

A Review on Digestive System of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus as Potential Target to Develop Control Strategies

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