Expressive voting versus information avoidance: experimental evidence in the context of climate change mitigation

Abstract

We theoretically and experimentally investigate the effect of self-serving information avoidance on moral bias in democratic and individual decisions in the context of climate change mitigation. Subjects choose between two allocations that differ in payoffs and contributions to climate change mitigation. We vary the observability of the environmental contribution, as well as the decision context associated with different levels of pivotality. If the contribution is directly observable, we find evidence for lower pivotality leading to higher levels of “green” decisions, as predicted by the low-cost theory of voting. This effect disappears if subjects can avoid information on the contribution. Instead, we find evidence for the exploitation of moral wiggle room via information avoidance in larger democracies as well as in the consumption context. Our results indicate that information avoidance substitutes expressive voting as an instrument to manage cognitive dissonance on the part of the voter. Hence, moral biases in elections might be less likely than previously thought.

Ignorance by choice: A meta-analytic review of the underlying motives of willful ignorance and its consequences.

“…In some studies (including Dana et al, 2007), the decision makers can acquire information for free. Other studies have implemented a symbolic cost for information to mimic real-life situations in which information is costly (e.g., Momsen & Ohndorf, 2019; Momsen & Ohndorf, 2020a; Toribio-Flórez et al, 2023). Such costs should make information less attractive (e.g., Leib, 2023; Serra-Garcia & Szech, 2019) and provide participants with an additional justification to remain ignorant and act selfishly.…”

“…PRISMA = Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses; n = the number of reports; k = the number of treatment effects. One article (Momsen & Ohndorf, 2020a) includes the market setup, the group-voting task, and the group-dictator task and thus appears in all three tasks in the PRISMA chart.…”