Extended efalizumab therapy improves chronic plaque psoriasis: Results from a randomized phase III trial

AL-57, a ligand-mimetic antibody to integrin LFA-1, reveals chemokine-induced affinity up-regulation in lymphocytes

“…For comparison, we used MHM24, a conventional activation-insensitive mAb to the ␣ L I domain. MHM24 is a mouse mAb to human LFA-1 (33) that was humanized as efalizumab (Raptiva) and is used for the treatment of psoriasis patients (34)(35)(36). To exclude bivalent interactions, mAbs were immobilized on CM-5 sensor chips, and monovalent I domains were injected as analytes.…”

Integrins as therapeutic targets: lessons and opportunities

“…Reflecting the major need for effective treatments for multiple sclerosis, natalizumab was reintroduced in to the market in 2006 with a black-box warning, and a risk Antagonists of α L β 2 integrin (also known as leukocyte-function-associated antigen 1, LFA1), which is involved in the activation and migration of T cells, have shown benefit in the inflammatory skin disorder psoriasis [44][45] . Efalizumab (Raptiva; Genentech), a humanized mAb specific for the α L subunit, was approved in 2003 for the treatment of plaque psoriasis and shown to be effective in long-term trials 46-49 . However, reports of cases of PML associated with efalizumab led to its withdrawal from the market in 2009 50 .…”

Efficacy and safety of biologics in the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis: a comprehensive meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

“…20,674 articles were found, of which 20,592 were excluded, resulting in 82 articles in which 41 clinical trials comparing biologics with placebo (six adalimumab 17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27 , three alefacept 28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37 , one briakinumab 38,39 , one certolizumab 40 , seven efalizumab 41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51 , eight etanercept 52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64 , one golimumab 65,66 , eight infliximab …”