Extended producer responsibility for waste tyres in the EU: Lessons learnt from three case studies – Belgium, Italy and the Netherlands

Winternitz, Kim; Heggie, Mark; Baird, Jim

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2019.04.023

Cited by 50 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Economic restraint policies such as waste fees and landfill taxes, and economic incentive policies, including concessional loans and subsidies, were widely adopted in the EU. For instance, residents in the Netherlands can obtain subsidies by collecting waste paper, waste metal and other recyclable waste [ 45 ]. Citizens in Finland are charged approximately 40% less for separated waste than for mixed waste [ 46 ].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Evaluation of Waste Separation Management Policies in the Yangtze River Delta Based on the PMC Index Model

Liu

2022

IJERPH

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Numerous policies have been formulated and implemented to strengthen waste separation management activities in many countries. Waste separation management policies (WSMPs) must be evaluated as the precondition for reducing deviations from policy implementation and improving waste separation performance. Based on text mining technology and the construction of a policy modeling consistency (PMC) index model, we conducted a quantitative evaluation of 22 WSMPs issued by central governmental departments and provinces in the Yangtze River Delta, China from 2013 to 2021 and analyzed their optimization paths. The results suggest that the PMC index of the selected WSMPs has an upward trend. The average PMC index of 22 WSMPs was 6.906, indicating good quality in the policy texts. The PMC index identified seven, nine, five, and one of the policies as being perfect, excellent, good, and acceptable, respectively. The characteristics of WSMPs were further illustrated through PMC surface charts. Based on this, optimization paths for WSMPs with lower PMC indexes are proposed, which indicate that existing WSMPs have great potential for optimization in terms of harsher constraint regulations, context-appropriate incentives, and cultivation of market participants. Finally, this study provides a beneficial reference for similar cities or countries to improve their performance in the management of waste separation and environmental protection.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Evaluation of Waste Separation Management Policies in the Yangtze River Delta Based on the PMC Index Model

Liu

2022

IJERPH

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“…These channels have existed since 1992 (for packaging), but currently concern more and more products such as Waste Electronic and Electrical Equipment (WEEE), End-of-Life Vehicles (ELV), used tires, etc. These schemes are all organized differently, but they share a common focus on products and not materials, requiring specific treatment, and on reflecting a favourable image for consumers and mobilizing the social and solidarity economy for waste sorting, with a different application in each European country [26].…”

Section: Building Trust With Customers Local Residents and Partnersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards A Circular Economy of Proximity? Variable-Geometry Spatiality of Urban Mining

Durand

2020

IMST

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The proximity principle is one of the main obligations in European regulations regarding waste management. However, this principle is not really implemented because it is not well defined in the law. Proximity is also linked to the new consensual concept of the circular economy, which highlights the local scale. The objective of this text is to understand the implementation of the proximity principle in the concept of the circular economy depending on waste management channels. The methodology is based on an analysis of the urban metabolism of three French cities and in-person interviews with stakeholders of waste management. The result of this research shows that the implementation of proximity is quite complex and affected by the principle of "variable geometry" depending on the types of waste. Some are managed at the local scale, such as putrescible and fermentable waste, bulky refuse, and final waste. Others, however, are transported elsewhere (e.g., waste with high added value or hazardous waste). We aim to identify the criteria that determine these geographical issues. The diversity of situations in each of these case studies provides the opportunity to better understand the geographical scale of implementation of a circular economy and to identify the sources of urban mining through recyclable materials.

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“…Different strategies have been proposed or applied through the years to overcome the damages related to rubber waste disposal; they can be treated on-site or exported, burned, or dumped, stockpiled, and discarded in landfills. Unfortunately, often these operations are conducted illegally causing additional pollution or other negative consequences (Winternitz et al, 2019); for example, rubber wastes buried in agricultural soils can cause soil infertility with high economic repercussions for the plantations. In the year 2020, as regard the SARS-CoV-2 virus diffusion is concerned, the blending of the lightweight latex gloves with other wastes has been proposed or their incineration has been planned to recover energy (Nowakowski et al, 2020).…”

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confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of Natural Rubber: Microcosm Study

Bosco

Mollea

2021

Water Air Soil Pollut

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In the present work, natural rubber (NR) biodegradation, by means of a microbial consortium, naturally selected in a tyre dump soil, has been evaluated. To this purpose, prepared soil microcosms were incubated for 236 days, at room temperature, and natural light/dark cycles. The effect of primary C-source and fresh soil addition, soil aeration, and humidity maintenance has been monitored by means of microbiological and respirometric analysis, dry weight loss determinations, and SEM micrographs. During the incubation, in biodegradation microcosms (BD), containing NR samples, the produced CO2 was significantly higher than that of biotic controls (BC). Furthermore, after 236 days, a NR dry weight loss of 15.6%, in BD microcosms, was registered, about four-fold higher than that registered in BC control (3.7%). Obtained results confirmed that the naturally selected microbial consortium was able to use NR as the only C-source and to biodegrade it. The positive effect of soil mixing evidenced that the biodegradation process was mainly carried out by aerobic biomass, especially filamentous fungi, as confirmed by microbial counts and SEM observations. Results obtained in the microcosm study provided useful information in terms of soil aeration and nutrient amendment in view of a future biodegradation process scale-up.

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Extended producer responsibility for waste tyres in the EU: Lessons learnt from three case studies – Belgium, Italy and the Netherlands

Cited by 50 publications

References 5 publications

Quantitative Evaluation of Waste Separation Management Policies in the Yangtze River Delta Based on the PMC Index Model

Quantitative Evaluation of Waste Separation Management Policies in the Yangtze River Delta Based on the PMC Index Model

Towards A Circular Economy of Proximity? Variable-Geometry Spatiality of Urban Mining

Biodegradation of Natural Rubber: Microcosm Study

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