Extended-spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae Causing Nosocomial Infections in Mexico. A Retrospective and Multicenter Study

Molecular Analysis and Risk Factors for Escherichia coli Producing Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Bloodstream Infection in Hematological Malignancies

“…In Mexico, the most frequent enterobacterial-ESBL producers causing hospital acquired infections has been identified the SHV-5 enzyme [15]–[17] and more recently, it has been substituted by CTX-M-15 ESBL, a phenomenon described already in other parts in the world [16]–[19]. In this study we detected non-genetic-related groups among ESBL-EC-produced clinical isolates, while the CTX-M-15 enzyme was prevalent; this situation suggests plasmid-mediated dissemination of the bla- CTX-M-15 gene, as was identified with the bla- SHV-5 gene.…”

Widespread of ESBL- and carbapenemase GES-type genes on carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates: a multicenter study in Mexican hospitals

“…Therefore, the chromosome-borne class 1 integrons could constitute the main dispersion mechanism of carbapenemase genes through the dissemination of P. aeruginosa clones (Stokes et al, 2012). Nevertheless, all the carbapenemase genes (IMP-, VIM-, and GES-type) previously described in Mexico were identified in plasmid-borne class 1 integrons (Barrios et al, 2012;Garza-Ramos et al, 2008a, 2008bSanchez-Martinez et al, 2010;Silva-Sanchez et al, 2011a, 2011b. Likewise, plasmid-located carbapenemases NDM-1 and KPC-3 have been recently identified in Mexico Rodriguez-Zulueta et al, 2013).…”

“…Studies carried out in recent years in Mexico have provided evidence that metallo-β-lactamases (MβLs) IMP-15, IMP-18, and VIM-2 and class A carbapenemase GES-20 and extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) SHV-, CTX-M-type, TLA-1, and GES-19 are the most prevalent β-lactamases among Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates, respectively (Barrios et al, 2012;Garza-Ramos et al, 2008a, 2008bSanchez-Martinez et al, 2010;Silva-Sanchez et al, 2011a, 2011b. In Spain and Mexico, the GES-type tandem gene duplication was identified recently on P. aeruginosa and Enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates, respectively (Barrios et al, 2012;Viedma et al, 2009).…”

La evolución de la resistencia bacteriana en México, 1973-2013

“…A partir de 2009, la investigación relacionada con la resistencia bacteriana a los antibióticos mediada por diferentes BLEE se expandió hasta incluir descripciones de los plásmidos y transposones que codifican para SHV-5 en Enterobacter cloacae, responsable entonces de un brote hospitalario, y, asimismo, se describió la localización del gen que codifica para TLA-1 y el lugar de su inserción secuencial; las especies bacterianas productoras de BLEE más frecuentemente aisladas en ocho hospitales mexicanos fueron K. pneumoniae (56 %), E. cloacae (29 %) y E. coli (15 %) productoras de BLEE de tipo SHV (84 %), TLA-1 (11 %) y CTX-M (5 %) (33)(34)(35). También se describió la presencia de un plásmido con genes que codifican para resistencia a quinolonas en bacterias productoras de BLEE y la presencia de enterobacterias productoras de BLEE en un hospital de tercer nivel en Monterrey, donde la CTX-M-15 fue la BLEE más frecuentemente encontrada; asimismo, se observó la producción de BLEE de tipo GES en un estudio multicéntrico nacional (36)(37)(38)(39).…”