Over the past decade there has been a notable increase in the use of Task-Technology Fit (TTF) theory within the field of information systems. This theory argues that information system use and performance benefits are attained when an information system is well-suited to the tasks that must be performed. As such, it seeks to offer an account of two of the key outcomes of interest to information systems (IS) researchers. Continued interest in the application of TTF theory is therefore expected and, as a result, the following chapter aims to provide a brief overview of the theory and how it has been applied in prior work. Readers are presented with an overview of the diverse range of research contexts and methodologies that have been used to test and extend TTF theory. Key outcomes of interest to TTF researchers are also examined as are the various approaches that researchers have used to operationalize the notion of TTF. It is hoped that this overview will serve as a sound basis for future research and simultaneously help to ensure that IS research does not continue to tread the same ground.
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IntroductionRecognition that information systems need to be well-suited to their intended tasks extends back at least as far as the origins of the information systems (IS) discipline (Kanellis et al. 1999). Media richness theory has, for example, been founded on the premise that the decision to use a particular communication technology will be made based on the nature of the specific message to be conveyed (Daft et al. 1987). Similarly, the need for the capabilities of information systems to be suited to their tasks has been highlighted by early research examining information systems adoption (e.g., Thompson et al. 1991). Explicit, formal specification of task-technology fit (TTF) theory did not, however, occur until the publication of three seminal articles during the mid-1990s (Goodhue 1995;Goodhue and Thompson 1995;Zigurs and Buckland 1998). Since the time of these publications, the theory of TTF has been applied extensively to understanding the use of information systems and the consequences of this use in a broad range of personal and professional contexts. Recent years have been characterized by a notable increase in the use of TTF as evidenced by the number of publications incorporating the theory that have appeared in peer-reviewed journals. This trend suggests growing interest in the theory and how it can be applied to understanding the problems of interest to IS researchers. As a result, the following discussion presents a brief overview of task-technology fit theory and summarizes how it has been applied in prior work. In providing a comprehensive synopsis of the current state of TTF research, this chapter offers important guidance to researchers interested in pursing research that draws on the theory. It is hoped that the resulting understanding will serve as a sound basis for new and innovative applications and extensions of TTF theory within the field of information systems as well as within o...