Extensive Karyotype Reorganization in the Fish Gymnotus arapaima (Gymnotiformes, Gymnotidae) Highlighted by Zoo-FISH Analysis

Machado, Milla de Andrade; Pieczarka, Júlio César; Silva, Fernando H. R.; O’Brien, Patricia C.; Ferguson‐Smith, Malcolm A.; Nagamachi, Cleusa Yoshiko

doi:10.3389/fgene.2018.00008

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The similarities between the karyotype structures in Notopteridae species raise the question: are the chromosome pairs homeologous among these species? This question is pertinent to confirm chromosome markers in groups with much diversified karyotype evolution 70 , or to establish the conservation level of syntenic groups in those with much conserved karyotype macrostructure 21 . Thus, inter-specific cross-hybridization experiments using the painting probe XNI-1 derived from the first chromosome pair of X. nigri karyotype were performed to help to clarify this question.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging patterns of genome organization in Notopteridae species (Teleostei, Osteoglossiformes) as revealed by Zoo-FISH and Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH)

Barby

Bertollo

Oliveira

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Notopteridae (Teleostei, Osteoglossiformes) represents an old fish lineage with ten currently recognized species distributed in African and Southeastern Asian rivers. Their karyotype structures and diploid numbers remained conserved over long evolutionary periods, since African and Asian lineages diverged approximately 120 Mya. However, a significant genetic diversity was already identified for these species using molecular data. Thus, why the evolutionary relationships within Notopteridae are so diverse at the genomic level but so conserved in terms of their karyotypes? In an attempt to develop a more comprehensive picture of the karyotype and genome evolution in Notopteridae, we performed comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and cross-species (Zoo-FISH) whole chromosome painting experiments to explore chromosome-scale intergenomic divergence among seven notopterid species, collected in different African and Southeast Asian river basins. CGH demonstrated an advanced stage of sequence divergence among the species and Zoo-FISH experiments showed diffuse and limited homology on inter-generic level, showing a temporal reduction of evolutionarily conserved syntenic regions. The sharing of a conserved chromosomal region revealed by Zoo-FISH in these species provides perspectives that several other homologous syntenic regions have remained conserved among their genomes despite long temporal isolation. In summary, Notopteridae is an interesting model for tracking the chromosome evolution as it is (i) ancestral vertebrate group with Gondwanan distribution and (ii) an example of animal group exhibiting karyotype stasis. The present study brings new insights into degree of genome divergence vs. conservation at chromosomal and sub-chromosomal level in representative sampling of this group.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging patterns of genome organization in Notopteridae species (Teleostei, Osteoglossiformes) as revealed by Zoo-FISH and Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH)

Barby

Bertollo

Oliveira

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…Nagamachi et al (2010) produced whole chromosome probes (WCP) from G. c. orientalis (GCA42, 2n = 42, 30m/sm+12st/a) by flow sorting, and hybridized these probes to the cytotypes of G. c. orientalis with 2n = 40 (GCA40, 34m/sm+6st/a). Two other studies with WCP from GCA42 mapped the karyotypes of G. capanema (GCP 2n = 34, Nagamachi et al, 2013) and G. arapaima (GAR 2n = 44, Machado et al, 2018). Those studies showed a higher level of chromosomal rearrangement than previously thought between these species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The results have helped to solve various issues in this field and have giving insights into several evolutionary issues (Barby et al, 2019). It has helped to bring insights into the origin of B chromosomes (Vicari et al, 2011;Scudeler et al, 2015;Utsunomia et al, 2016), the origin and evolution of sex chromosomes (Carvalho et al, 2017;Cioffi et al, 2017;de Oliveira et al, 2017;de Moraes et al, 2017;Yano et al, 2017;de Freitas et al, 2018) and helped in the understanding of chromosomal evolution and relationships between closely related species (Ráb et al, 2008;Nagamachi et al, 2010;Nagamachi et al, 2013;Milhomem et al, 2013;Machado et al, 2018;Cioffi et al, 2019). Nagamachi et al (2010) produced whole chromosome probes (WCP) from G. c. orientalis (GCA42, 2n = 42, 30m/sm+12st/a) by flow sorting, and hybridized these probes to the cytotypes of G. c. orientalis with 2n = 40 (GCA40, 34m/sm+6st/a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Chromosome Painting in Gymnotus carapo “Catalão” (Gymnotiformes, Teleostei): Dynamics of Chromosomal Rearrangements in Cryptic Species

et al. 2022

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The genus Gymnotus is a large monophyletic group of freshwater weakly-electric fishes, with wide distribution in Central and South America. It has 46 valid species divided into six subgenera (Gymnotus, Tijax, Tigre, Lamontianus, Tigrinus and Pantherus) with large chromosome plasticity and diploid numbers (2n) ranging from 34 to 54. Within this rich diversity, there is controversy about whether Gymnotus (Gymnotus) carapo species is a single widespread species or a complex of cryptic species. Cytogenetic studies show different diploid numbers for G. carapo species, ranging from 40 to 54 chromosomes with varied karyotypes found even between populations sharing the same 2n. Whole chromosome painting has been used in studies on fish species and recently has been used for tracking the chromosomal evolution of Gymnotus and assisting in its cytotaxonomy. Comparative genomic mapping using chromosome painting has shown more complex rearrangements in Gymnotus carapo than shown in previous studies by classical cytogenetics. These studies demonstrate that multiple chromosome pairs are involved in its chromosomal reorganization, suggesting the presence of a complex of cryptic species due to a post zygotic barrier. In the present study, metaphase chromosomes of G. carapo occidentalis “catalão” (GCC, 2n = 40, 30m/sm+10st/a) from the Catalão Lake, Amazonas, Brazil, were hybridized with whole chromosome probes derived from the chromosomes of G. carapo (GCA, 2n = 42, 30m/sm+12st/a). The results reveal chromosome rearrangements and a high number of repetitive DNA sites. Of the 12 pairs of G. carapo chromosomes that could be individually identified (GCA 1–3, 6, 7, 9, 14, 16 and 18–21), 8 pairs (GCA 1, 2, 6, 7, 9, 14, 20, 21) had homeology conserved in GCC. Of the GCA pairs that are grouped (GCA [4, 8], [5, 17], [10, 11] and [12, 13, 15]), most kept the number of signals in GCC (GCA [5, 17], [10, 11] and [12, 13, 15]). The remaining chromosomes are rearranged in the GCC karyotype. Analysis of both populations of the G. carapo cytotypes shows extensive karyotype reorganization. Along with previous studies, this suggests that the different cytotypes analyzed here may represent different species and supports the hypothesis that G. carapo is not a single widespread species, but a group of cryptic species.

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“…The only option was to use pools of bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones, which were found useful in plant species with small genomes (e.g., [ 44 , 45 ]). The development of oligo painting FISH [ 46 ] changed this situation dramatically, and it is now possible to label individual plant chromosomes and chromosomal regions in many species [ 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 ]. Chromosome-arm-specific oligo painting probes were also recently developed for banana ( Musa spp.)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome Painting in Cultivated Bananas and Their Wild Relatives (Musa spp.) Reveals Differences in Chromosome Structure

Šimoníková

Němečková

Čížková

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Edible banana cultivars are diploid, triploid, or tetraploid hybrids, which originated by natural cross hybridization between subspecies of diploid Musa acuminata, or between M. acuminata and diploid Musa balbisiana. The participation of two other wild diploid species Musa schizocarpa and Musa textilis was also indicated by molecular studies. The fusion of gametes with structurally different chromosome sets may give rise to progenies with structural chromosome heterozygosity and reduced fertility due to aberrant chromosome pairing and unbalanced chromosome segregation. Only a few translocations have been classified on the genomic level so far, and a comprehensive molecular cytogenetic characterization of cultivars and species of the family Musaceae is still lacking. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with chromosome-arm-specific oligo painting probes was used for comparative karyotype analysis in a set of wild Musa species and edible banana clones. The results revealed large differences in chromosome structure, discriminating individual accessions. These results permitted the identification of putative progenitors of cultivated clones and clarified the genomic constitution and evolution of aneuploid banana clones, which seem to be common among the polyploid banana accessions. New insights into the chromosome organization and structural chromosome changes will be a valuable asset in breeding programs, particularly in the selection of appropriate parents for cross hybridization.

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Extensive Karyotype Reorganization in the Fish Gymnotus arapaima (Gymnotiformes, Gymnotidae) Highlighted by Zoo-FISH Analysis

Cited by 11 publications

References 59 publications

Emerging patterns of genome organization in Notopteridae species (Teleostei, Osteoglossiformes) as revealed by Zoo-FISH and Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH)

Emerging patterns of genome organization in Notopteridae species (Teleostei, Osteoglossiformes) as revealed by Zoo-FISH and Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH)

Chromosome Painting in Gymnotus carapo “Catalão” (Gymnotiformes, Teleostei): Dynamics of Chromosomal Rearrangements in Cryptic Species

Chromosome Painting in Cultivated Bananas and Their Wild Relatives (Musa spp.) Reveals Differences in Chromosome Structure

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