This review article set out the inventory of the various scientific and technical contributions on the biological and zootechnical parameters of the catfish Clarias gariepinus. Several years of research shows that Clarias gariepinus is of great importance in fisheries and aquaculture in Africa and around the world, judging by the wealth of knowledge produced. The information provided in this review was collected from scientific articles, books and handbooks, technical reports, thesis, dissertations, and proceedings. The authors, through an inventory of the various scientific and technical contributions from 1971 to 2017, reported the biological characteristics of C. gariepinus, its diet and nutrition, its reproduction, its growth performance, its breeding systems and devices and some diseases to which it is subject. The biological characteristics of the African catfish were analyzed based on its description, taxonomic classification, habitat, ecological requirements and geographic distribution. The diet of the species has been addressed within its natural environment, in rearing and through nutritional needs and constraints. Reproduction of the species includes, age at first sexual maturity, incubation