Extensive serum biomarker analysis in patients with non-small-cell lung carcinoma

Cai, Daozhang; Xu, Ying; Ding, Rui; Qiu, Kaifu; Zhang, Ruihua; Wang, Han; Huang, Lisi; Xie, Xiaoying; Yan, Haiyan; Deng, Yanjun; Lin, Xueyan; Shao, Jing; Luo, Xin; Duan, Chaohui

doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154868

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…37 Further, serum FSTL3 expression is remarkably higher in individuals with nonsmall-cell lung cancer than in healthy subjects. 38 The present study showed remarkable differences in FSTL3 protein expression levels between gastric epithelial cells and GC cells at different stages of differentiation. Further, IHC confirmed that FSTL3 protein expression was remarkably elevated in GC tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

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FSTL3 is a Prognostic Biomarker in Gastric Cancer and is Correlated with M2 Macrophage Infiltration

Liu¹,

Li²,

Zhang³

et al. 2021

OTT

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Purpose: Follistatin-related gene 3 (FSTL3), an established oncogene, can modulate target gene expression via members of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily. The present study was conducted to evaluate the expression of FSTL3 in gastric cancer (GC) and to determine its prognostic significance. We also evaluated the possible mechanisms involved in the oncogenic role of FSTL3 in gastric carcinogenesis and development. Methods: We obtained data from the Human Protein Atlas, MethSurv, cBioPortal, UALCAN, TIMER, GEPIA, STRING, GeneMANIA, ONCOMINE, and MEXPRESS databases and examined it using R software. RNAi was used to establish stable FSTL3knockdown (shFSTL3) and overexpression (OE) cell strains. Western blot; enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA); and immunohistochemical (ICH), immunofluorescence, and phalloidin staining were used for examining protein expression. Cell invasion and migration were determined using transwell and scratch-wound assays. After tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) generation, co-culturing of cancer cells with TAMs was performed to confirm the relationship between FSTL3 and TAMs. Results: In GC patients, FSTL3 mRNA and protein levels were upregulated. FSTL3 expression was significantly linked to cancer stage as well as to pathological tumor grade in GC. Moreover, a high expression of FSTL3 was associated with a dismal survival duration in patients with GC. Furthermore, functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that FSTL3 overexpression could activate epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by promoting F-actin expression and BMP/SMAD signaling. Finally, immunofluorescence staining confirmed that the overexpression of FSTL3 promoted the proliferation of M2 TAMs. Conclusion: Taken together, our findings suggest that FSTL3 may be involved in GC progression via the promotion of BMP/SMAD signaling-mediated EMT and M2 macrophage activation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

“… 37 Further, serum FSTL3 expression is remarkably higher in individuals with non-small-cell lung cancer than in healthy subjects. 38 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FSTL3 is a Prognostic Biomarker in Gastric Cancer and is Correlated with M2 Macrophage Infiltration

Liu¹,

Li²,

Zhang³

et al. 2021

OTT

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“…For example, macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (MIP-1 alpha, CCL3) and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP-1, CCL2), cytokines produced by macrophages, have the function of inflammatory chemotaxis, which are crucial for tumor immune responses. [56,57] Previous studies have also found MIP-1 alpha related to tumor angiogenesis. [58] Another angiogenesis-related factor, vascular endothelial growth facto (VEGF), increased by 11 times after treatment.…”

Section: Changes Of Tumor Cytokines After Taementioning

confidence: 95%

CaCO₃‐Encapuslated Microspheres for Enhanced Transhepatic Arterial Embolization Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Zhang

Xiao

Liu

et al. 2021

Adv Healthcare Materials

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Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) is an extensively applied treatment method for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the worsened tumor microenvironment (TME, e.g., reduced pH post-TAE) may result in unsatisfactory therapeutic outcome. Herein, a new kind of embolic agent, calcium carbonate encapsulated alginate microspheres (CaCO 3 -ALG MSs) are synthesized. Such CaCO 3 -ALG MSs are able to neutralize the tumor pH owing to the reaction of CaCO 3 with protons, which would not affect the overall morphology of microspheres after decomposition of CaCO 3 . TAE treatment with CaCO 3 -ALG MSs is then conducted in an orthotopic rat liver cancer model. 18 F-Fluorodeoxyglucose micropositron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging is conducted post-TAE and discovered that intra-arterial injection of CaCO 3 -ALG MSs shows obvious enhanced therapeutic outcome compared to the same treatment with bare ALG MSs or the clinically used lipiodol. Further studies including analysis of immune cells in tumors, cytokine assays, and bioinformatics analysis all verify the reverse of immunosuppressive TME toward a more immunosupportive one after TAE with CaCO 3 -ALG MSs. The research not only presents a new CaCO 3 -containing embolic agent for enhanced TAE treatment of HCC but also highlights a clinically meaningful approach to improve cancer treatment via tumor pH neutralization.

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“…There is often a delay in diagnosis of lung cancer second to nonspecific symptoms, resulting in late-stage diagnosis and poor prognosis. Additionally, routine tests such as chest x-rays have low sensitivity, and confirmatory tests such as sputum cytology and lung biopsy require a high index of suspicion based on abnormal imaging results [ 5 ]. Therefore, there is a clear need for more reliable screening and diagnostic markers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomal Long Noncoding RNAs: Insights into Emerging Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications in Lung Cancer

Karimzadeh

Seyedtaghia

Soudyab

et al. 2020

Journal of Oncology

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Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Annually, millions of people die from lung cancer because of late detection and ineffective therapies. Recently, exosomes have been introduced as new therapeutic players with the potential to improve upon current diagnostic and treatment options. Exosomes are small membranous vesicles produced during endosomal merging. This allows for cell packaging of nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids and transfer to adjacent or distant cells. While exosomes are a part of normal intercellular signaling, they also allow malignant cells to transfer oncogenic material leading to tumor spread and metastasis. Exosomes are an interesting field of discovery for biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Among exosomal materials, lncRNAs have priority; lncRNAs are a class of noncoding RNAs longer than 200 base pairs. In the case of cancer, primary interest regards their oncogene and tumor suppressor functions. In this review, the advantages of exosomal lncRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets will be discussed in addition to reviewing studies of their application in lung cancer.

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Extensive serum biomarker analysis in patients with non-small-cell lung carcinoma

Cited by 22 publications

References 41 publications

FSTL3 is a Prognostic Biomarker in Gastric Cancer and is Correlated with M2 Macrophage Infiltration

FSTL3 is a Prognostic Biomarker in Gastric Cancer and is Correlated with M2 Macrophage Infiltration

CaCO₃‐Encapuslated Microspheres for Enhanced Transhepatic Arterial Embolization Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Exosomal Long Noncoding RNAs: Insights into Emerging Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications in Lung Cancer

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Extensive serum biomarker analysis in patients with non-small-cell lung carcinoma

Cited by 22 publications

References 41 publications

FSTL3 is a Prognostic Biomarker in Gastric Cancer and is Correlated with M2 Macrophage Infiltration

FSTL3 is a Prognostic Biomarker in Gastric Cancer and is Correlated with M2 Macrophage Infiltration

CaCO3‐Encapuslated Microspheres for Enhanced Transhepatic Arterial Embolization Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Exosomal Long Noncoding RNAs: Insights into Emerging Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications in Lung Cancer

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Resources

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CaCO₃‐Encapuslated Microspheres for Enhanced Transhepatic Arterial Embolization Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma