Extensive Set of 16S rRNA-Based Probes for Detection of Bacteria in Human Feces

Harmsen, Hermie J. M.; Raangs, Gerwin C.; He, Tao; Degener, John E.; Welling, Gjalt W.

doi:10.1128/aem.68.6.2982-2990.2002

Cited by 352 publications

(277 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Secondly, the detection limit of FISH is approximately 0.1% (equal to 1 target cell if 1000 DAPI-stained cells are counted). Harmsen et al (1999Harmsen et al ( , 2002 and Mueller et al (2006) detected between 0.01 and 0.2% of total DAPI counts in faeces using the group-specific probe LAB158. In consideration of the species specificity of the Lba probe used in this study (Pot et al, 1993) relatively high values were observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactobacillus acidophilus 74-2 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis DGCC 420 modulate unspecific cellular immune response in healthy adults

Friedrich²,

et al. 2007

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Objective: It was determined whether a combination of Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) 74-2 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis DGCC 420 (B. lactis 420) affect the faecal microbiota as well as immunological parameters and blood lipids in healthy adults. Design: A placebo-controlled, double-blinded, randomized crossover trial was conducted. Subjects: Twenty-six healthy volunteers (mean age 25 years) were recruited by advertising in academical buildings. All of them completed the study. Methods: After 3-week run-in period, half of the volunteers consumed 300 g/day of yoghurt supplement containing probiotic strains L. acidophilus 74-2 and B. lactis 420, and the other half received the placebo product for a period of 5 weeks. The two groups were crossed during the following 5-week period. Blood and faecal samples were collected at the end of each period. The faecal content of probiotic bacteria, faecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), serum lipids and plasma immune system biomarkers were evaluated. Results: Faecal proportions of L. acidophilus and of B. lactis increased significantly from 0.02 to 0.19 and 0.4 to 1.4% (Po0.05), respectively. Percentages of granulocytes and monocytes showing phagocytic activity were significantly elevated from 92 to 95% during probiotic intervention, whereas their oxidative burst activity and specific immune parameters remained unaffected. Fecal SCFA and serum cholesterol levels were not influenced by the probiotics. However, serum concentrations of triacylglyceroles decreased significantly by 11.6% (Po0.05) in the probiotic supplementation period. Conclusions: L. acidophilus and B. lactis were recovered in faeces in significantly elevated numbers after supplementation. They are able to modulate unspecific cellular immune response indicated by the increased phagocytic activity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactobacillus acidophilus 74-2 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis DGCC 420 modulate unspecific cellular immune response in healthy adults

Friedrich²,

et al. 2007

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“…The bacteria belonging to the Family Lachnospiraceae comprise on average 10-45 % of the total faecal bacteria as detected with quantitative hybridisation-based methods (3,4,(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30) and the bacteria within Ruminococcaceae 16-27 %, thus co-dominating with the bacteria within Lachnospiraceae (22)(23)(24)(25)(30)(31)(32) . Many members of the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae are polysaccharolytic and produce butyrate.…”

Section: Human Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Human gut microbiota: does diet matter?

2014

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The human oro-gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a complex system, consisting of oral cavity, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus, which all together with the accessory digestive organs constitute the digestive system. The function of the digestive system is to break down dietary constituents into small molecules and then absorb these for subsequent distribution throughout the body. Besides digestion and carbohydrate metabolism, the indigenous microbiota has an important influence on host physiological, nutritional and immunological processes, and commensal bacteria are able to modulate the expression of host genes that regulate diverse and fundamental physiological functions. The main external factors that can affect the composition of the microbial community in generally healthy adults include major dietary changes and antibiotic therapy. Changes in some selected bacterial groups have been observed due to controlled changes to the normal diet e.g. high-protein diet, high-fat diet, prebiotics, probiotics and polyphenols. More specifically, changes in the type and quantity of non-digestible carbohydrates in the human diet influence both the metabolic products formed in the lower regions of the GI tract and the bacterial populations detected in faeces. The interactions between dietary factors, gut microbiota and host metabolism are increasingly demonstrated to be important for maintaining homeostasis and health. Therefore the aim of this review is to summarise the effect of diet, and especially dietary interventions, on the human gut microbiota. Furthermore, the most important confounding factors (methodologies used and intrinsic human factors) in relation to gut microbiota analyses are elucidated.

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“…Dose period 3 (days [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44]. Volunteers consumed 100 g of their treatment chocolate, and kept daily diaries during the period.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

A human volunteer study to assess the impact of confectionery sweeteners on the gut microbiota composition

2010

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Sweeteners are being sourced to lower the energetic value of confectionery including chocolates. Some, especially non-digestible carbohydrates, may possess other benefits for human health upon their fermentation by the colonic microbiota. The present study assessed non-digestible carbohydrate sweeteners, selected for use in low-energy chocolates, for their ability to beneficially modulate faecal bacterial profiles in human volunteers. Forty volunteers consumed a test chocolate (low-energy or experimental chocolate) containing 22·8 g of maltitol (MTL), MTL and polydextrose (PDX), or MTL and resistant starch for fourteen consecutive days. The dose of the test chocolates was doubled every 2 weeks over a 6-week period. Numbers of faecal bifidobacteria significantly increased with all the three test treatments. Chocolate containing the PDX blend also significantly increased faecal lactobacilli (P¼ 0·00 001) after the 6 weeks. The PDX blend also showed significant increases in faecal propionate and butyrate (P¼ 0·002 and 0·006, respectively). All the test chocolates were well tolerated with no significant change in bowel habit or intestinal symptoms even at a daily dose of 45·6 g of non-digestible carbohydrate sweetener. This is of importance not only for giving manufacturers a sugar replacement that can reduce energetic content, but also for providing a well-tolerated means of delivering high levels of non-digestible carbohydrates into the colon, bringing about improvements in the biomarkers of gut health.

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Extensive Set of 16S rRNA-Based Probes for Detection of Bacteria in Human Feces

Cited by 352 publications

References 39 publications

Lactobacillus acidophilus 74-2 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis DGCC 420 modulate unspecific cellular immune response in healthy adults

Lactobacillus acidophilus 74-2 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis DGCC 420 modulate unspecific cellular immune response in healthy adults

Human gut microbiota: does diet matter?

A human volunteer study to assess the impact of confectionery sweeteners on the gut microbiota composition

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