Extensive Surgical Emphysema Following Stab Injury to the Neck

Abstract

Extensive surgical emphysema can lead to a life-threatening condition causing hemodynamic instability and significant physician challenges in its management. Here we describe an uncommon case of extensive subcutaneous emphysema caused by stabbing neck, which led to complications such as pneumothorax, pneumopericardium, pneumomediastinum as well as pneumoperitoneum. The role of radiological imaging is crucial in managing this relatively uncommon presentation. This article highlights clinical presentation, radiological findings, and various management options.

Self-Inflicted Abdominal Air Insufflation Leading to Diffuse Subcutaneous Emphysema, Pneumoperitoneum, Pneumomediastinum, Pneumopericardium, and Pneumothorax: A Case Report

“…Rare cases of extensive subcutaneous emphysema have been documented and most commonly occur following pneumothorax, penetrating trauma and rib fractures, barotrauma, or an iatrogenic insult [5,6,8]. More severe cases of this phenomenon are more often secondary to iatrogenicity, whereas mild cases are associated with pneumothoraces [1].…”

“…The air within the abdominal cavity may also lead to the development of air emboli via the introduction of air into the abdominal blood vessels or organs, possibly causing neurological damage or cardiovascular collapse [4]. Pneumomediastinum, pneumopericardium, and pneumoperitoneum may also occur in some scenarios as the fascia allows the passage of air between cavities [5][6][7]. No cases of intentional body insufflation have been documented in the literature to date.…”