Extent, nature, and consequences of intimate partner violence

Tjaden, Patricia; Thoennes, Nancy

doi:10.1037/e300342003-001

Cited by 1,073 publications

(630 citation statements)

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“…Women who experience relationship violence are more often young than old, black than white or Hispanic, less educated than well educated, unemployed than employed, on welfare than off, single than married, and with children than without. [2][3][4][5]6,8,35,[37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] These same general patterns also tend to hold for psychological distress. 43,44 In accordance with prior research, subsequent analyses include controls for age (in years), race (non-Hispanic white, Mexican, and other Hispanic compared with black), education (in years), employment status (1 = worked for pay in past week), current welfare status (1 = currently receiving welfare), marital status (1 = married and living with spouse), cohabiting status (1 = cohabiting, not married), and number of children (1 to 5 or more).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…1 Although relationship violence is an important issue for women in all segments of society, studies consistently show that women of low socioeconomic status exhibit higher rates of violence victimization than their more affluent counterparts. [2][3][4][5][6] In their review of the literature, Tolman and Raphael 5 estimate that between 34 and 65% of women receiving welfare report some form of relationship violence in their lifetime, and between 8 and 33% experience some form of relationship violence each year, 5 levels that surpass those for women overall. 1 Given that rates of relationship violence are disproportionately high among women of low socioeconomic status, attention must be directed to the patterns and health consequences of violence in the lives of these women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship Violence and Psychological Distress Among Low-income Urban Women

2007

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In this paper, we examined the association between relationship violence and psychological distress among low-income urban women. Extending prior research, we considered the effects of relationship violence within the context of other chronic stressors that are common in the lives of these women. Using data from the Welfare, Children, and Families project (1999), a probability sample of 2,402 low-income women with children living in low-income neighborhoods in Boston, Chicago, and San Antonio, we predicted psychological distress with multiple measures of relationship violence, a wide range of sociodemographic variables, and several chronic stressors. Our results show that relationship violence is associated with higher levels of economic hardship, neighborhood disorder, and household disrepair. We also find that relationship violence is associated with higher levels of psychological distress, net of these other chronic stressors. Finally, we observe that the effects of relationship violence do not vary according to the chronic stressors under study. Because the adverse effects of relationship violence are similar for women despite other adverse circumstances, interventions and treatment efforts focused exclusively on relationship violence may make a unique contribution to the psychological well-being of low-income urban women.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Violence and Psychological Distress Among Low-income Urban Women

2007

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“…Most sexual assaults occur among individuals who know each other, often in a dating relationship; thus the sampling strategy allowed the most common types of sexual assault to be examined [Koss et al, 1987;Tjaden and Thoennes, 1998]. The parameters of marital sexual assault are likely to be very different from other types of sexual assault due to the long-term nature of the relationship [Tjaden and Thoennes, 2000]; thus it is important to also conduct sexual assault research among married and cohabitating couples. The pattern of relationships between the predictors and sexual assault did not significantly differ for African American and Caucasian men, suggesting that the etiology of sexual assault is similar across ethnic groups.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-sectional predictors of sexual assault perpetration in a community sample of single African American and Caucasian men

et al. 2005

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Computer-assisted self-interviews were completed with a random sample of 163 unmarried Caucasian and African American men in a large metropolitan area. Almost a quarter (24.5%) of these men acknowledged committing an act since the age of 14 that met standard legal definitions of attempted or completed rape; an additional 39% had committed another type of sexual assault involving forced sexual contact or verbal coercion. An expanded version of the Malamuth et al.[1991] confluence model was examined using path analysis. The number of sexual assaults perpetrated by participants was associated with the direct or indirect effects of childhood sexual abuse, adolescent delinquency, alcohol problems, sexual dominance, positive attitudes about casual sexual relationships, and pressure from peers to engage in sexual relationships. Additionally, empathy buffered the relationship between sexual dominance and perpetration. The pattern of results was highly similar for African American and Caucasian men. The implications of these findings for sexual assault measurement are discussed and suggestions are made for alternative treatment programs.

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“…Moreover, though previous research examining intimate partner violence has mostly demonstrated a higher rate of violence for black versus white couples (e.g., Caetano et al 2000;Tjaden and Thoennes 2000), recent research has shown that these differences tend to disappear when data are disaggregated to account for individuals' household income and gender (Rennison and Planty 2003).…”

Section: Relational Aggression In Peer Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Broader Context of Relational Aggression in Adolescent Romantic Relationships: Predictions from Peer Pressure and Links to Psychosocial Functioning

Schad

Szwedo

Antonishak

et al. 2007

J Youth Adolescence

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The broader context of relational aggression in adolescent romantic relationships was assessed by considering the ways such aggression emerged from prior experiences of peer pressure and was linked to concurrent difficulties in psychosocial functioning. Longitudinal, multi-reporter data were obtained from 97 adolescents and their best friends at age 15 and from adolescents and their romantic partners at age 18. Teens' relational aggression and romantic partners' victimization were predicted from levels of best friends' pressuring behaviors toward teens in an observed interaction as well as from best friends' ratings of how much pressure teens experienced from their peer group. Romantic partner relational aggression and teen victimization were predicted by pressure from teens' peer group only. Adolescents' romantic relational aggression and victimization were also associated with elevated levels of depressive symptoms and increased alcohol use. Results are discussed in terms of the connection of relational aggression in romantic relationships to the broader task of establishing autonomy with peers in psychosocial development.

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Extent, nature, and consequences of intimate partner violence

Cited by 1,073 publications

References 0 publications

Relationship Violence and Psychological Distress Among Low-income Urban Women

Relationship Violence and Psychological Distress Among Low-income Urban Women

Cross-sectional predictors of sexual assault perpetration in a community sample of single African American and Caucasian men

The Broader Context of Relational Aggression in Adolescent Romantic Relationships: Predictions from Peer Pressure and Links to Psychosocial Functioning

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