“…These conventional techniques are of limited use at low frequencies, however, particularly with the weight requirements in aircraft. From the classification of the main sources of interior noise ͑Bhat, 1999; Mixson et al, 1978;Pope et al, 1987a, b;Sulc et al, 1982͒ and the identification of the transmission paths of airborne noise and structure-borne noise ͑Mixson et al, 1978;Pope et al, 1987a, b;Unruh, 1988, the performance and limitations of the passive treatments are well-known ͑Barton and Mixson, 1981;Vaicatis, 1980͒. Passenger comfort is still influenced by noise at low frequencies, and several approaches have been investigated for controlling this low-frequency noise actively ͑Fuller et Gardonio and Elliott, 1999;Nelson and Elliott, 1992͒. This work started with active noise control ͑ANC͒ of the cabin, followed by active vibration control ͑AVC͒, and then active structural acoustic control ͑ASAC͒ of the fuselage and/or the trim panel.…”