External and internal stimulus factors in Rorschach performance.

Bieri, James; Blacker, Edward

doi:10.1037/h0047433

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The inkblot responses for each 5 were scored without knowledge of S's EFT or cog-nitive complexity scores. A satisfactory interscorer reliability for the inkblot reactions had been obtained, as reported in a previous study (3). To obtain the experience type of each S, the total number of human movement (M) responses and the Sum C score were calculated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 59%

Differences in perceptual and cognitive behavior as a function of experience type.

Bieri¹,

Messerley²

1957

Journal of Consulting Psychology

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The proposition that differences in experience type on the Rorschach reflect certain trends in personality functioning has been a common assumption in clinical practice. In a previous paper (3), it was pointed out that one way of conceptualizing the experience type is in terms of the person's use of internal and external stimulus factors. The introversive person utilizes internal stimulus factors to a greater degree in that he invokes aspects of the stimulus situation more proximal to himself, while the extratensive person utilizes external stimulus factors in that he responds more to the physical, "out-there" qualities of the blot. The present research is designed to establish empirically differences in performance on a perceptual and cognitive task as a function of the experience type of the person. The perceptual problem given to our subjects (5s) was the Gottschaldt Embedded Figures Test (EFT), as modified by Witkin (7). This test requires S to perceive a simple geometric figure embedded in a larger, more complex figure. In their research on field dependence and independence, Witkin and his associates have studied certain empirical relationships between the EFT and the Rorschach (8). They found that 5s with longer solution times on the EFT (field dependent) had lower "coping" scores on the Rorschach, as defined for example by more CF and C responses than FC responses. Quick perception of the simple figure (field independence), on the other, was associated with giving more human movement responses and predominantly FC responses.In that portion of the current research con-Card I: entire center "figure" area (D 4). Card II: upper left red (D 2). Card IV: lower center area (D 1). Card III: upper left red inverted (D 2). Card V: entire right half without "antenna" (D 4). Card VIII: bottom center pink and orange area inverted (D 2). Card VI: entire left half of card without top projection, rotated 90 degrees to right (D 4). Card IX: left green figure, card rotated 90 degrees to right (D 4). Card VII: entire right half of card (D 0). Card X: upper left blue area (D 1). Card III: left human figure (D 1). Card IX: top right orange area (D 3).Card IV: lower projection of "heel" and "toe" of boot, rotated 90 degrees to the right (D 2). Card X: inner blue area (D 6). Card V: entire middle, including D 2 and D 3 (D7). Card III: middle red (D 3).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 59%

Differences in perceptual and cognitive behavior as a function of experience type.

Bieri¹,

Messerley²

1957

Journal of Consulting Psychology

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“…The Rorschach modification used has been described in detail in another paper (4). It consists of ten Rorschach large details (D), one from each of the ten cards.…”

Section: Complexity Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

The generality of cognitive complexity in the perception of people and inkblots.

Bieri¹,

Blacker²

1956

The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology

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“…According to several studies, extraverts and introverts have different physiological reactions (Bieri & Blacher, 1956;Corocoran, 1964;Eysenck, 1973;Eysenck & Eysenck, 1967;Jung & Rivkin, 1973), different affiliation needs (Cooper & Scalise, 1974), and different stress reactions (Shapiro & Alexander, 1969). The introverts have repeatedly shown a preference for a rich inner life.…”

Section: Different Strokes For Different Folksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Strokes for Different Folks: Jung's Typology and Structured Experiences

Haber¹

1980

Group & Organization Studies

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The purpose of this study was to examine and compare the evaluations of 175 students differentiated by Carl Jung's psychotypology when they were involved in either a session of nonverbal communication experiences or a session of fantasy experiences. The significant findings were as follows: intuitive types preferred the two experiences more than the thinking types; extraverts preferred the two experiences more than the introverts; and the feeling types preferred the nonverbal communication experiences more than the fantasy experiences. Thus, it seems evident that some of the Jungian psychological types prefer different structured experiences.The typology of Jung (1976) was used in this study to differentiate the &dquo;different&dquo; folks. Although there are many personality theorists who have schematized psychotypologies (Freud, 1920;Reich, 1949;Sheldon, 1970), Jung's typology was employed because it has been widely researched and can be easily measured (Myers-Briggs, 1962).Two sets of structured experiences were used to provide the different &dquo;strokes.&dquo; One set utilized fantasy, and the other employed nonverbal communication. Although other kinds of activities could have been used (e.g., lecture, psychodrama, or values clarification), these were selected because they receive widespread use and are sufficiently different.The objective of this study was to demonstrate that the different psychological types described by Jung would prefer different structured experiences. REVIEW Jung proposed two basic attitudes of behavior: extraversion and introversion. The extravert naturally seeks means of communication

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External and internal stimulus factors in Rorschach performance.

Cited by 13 publications

References 9 publications

Differences in perceptual and cognitive behavior as a function of experience type.

Differences in perceptual and cognitive behavior as a function of experience type.

The generality of cognitive complexity in the perception of people and inkblots.

Different Strokes for Different Folks: Jung's Typology and Structured Experiences

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