External auditory canal exostoses in white water kayakers

Cooper, Alison; Tong, Richard M.; Neil, Richard; Owens, David S.; Tomkinson, Alun

doi:10.1136/bjsm.2008.048157

Cited by 31 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Various methods of data collection were reported. Surveys were used in seven studies [10,[12][13][14][16][17][18], provider records were used in three studies [19][20][21], hospital discharge data were used in a further two studies [22,23], and observation [11], telephone interview [15], tourist compensation claim data [24] and kinematic data [25] were identified in single articles. Samples ranged between 54 and 473 participants of which between 53.5% and 89% were male.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EACE is a chronic illness associated with WW kayaking and its presence was assessed using a survey and medical examination [13]. Over two-thirds of the kayakers (n = 92) in this study displayed symptoms of EACE, this was compared with 1.7% of a rock climber control group (n = 65) [13].…”

Section: Illnessmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…A total of three papers were identified directly examining ill health in WW paddlers [13][14][15]. Of these, two papers examined acute illness induced by ingesting contaminated water [14,15].…”

Section: Illnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of these, two papers examined acute illness induced by ingesting contaminated water [14,15]. The remaining study examined chronic illness as a result of repeat exposure to cold water [13].…”

Section: Illnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overuse injuries that occur for prolonged periods of time can lead to more permanent issues [12]. In addition to injuries and fatalities, acute and chronic illnesses are also associated with WW activities, such as external auditory canal exostoses (EACE; also known as surfer's ear) [13] and gastrointestinal illnesses [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Injuries, Ill-Health and Fatalities in White Water Rafting and White Water Paddling

et al. 2012

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White water (WW) activities such as paddling (canoeing and kayaking) and rafting are popular sports for recreational and professional participants. An increase in participation has been seen worldwide. However, these activities come with a risk of injury and even death if not conducted safely. A review was conducted to identify the types of injuries and ill-health that occur as a result of these activities. Injury and fatality rates were assessed to establish the risk attributed to these activities. Web of Science, PubMed, Ergonomics Abstracts and PsycINFO databases were searched and a total of 16 published articles were identified and reviewed. The shoulders and back were the most vulnerable sites for injury in WW paddling. Injuries to the face and lower limbs were most common in WW rafters. However, injury rates are low and estimates are discussed. Due to different methods used across the studies, the reported injury rates are not comparable. This review identified three illnesses incurred through WW activities. There may be more but these are not currently reported in the literature. A relative paucity of studies regarding injuries and fatalities in WW activities was identified. Directions for future research are suggested and discussed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Illnessmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Illnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Illnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Injuries, Ill-Health and Fatalities in White Water Rafting and White Water Paddling

et al. 2012

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Water‐related occupations and diet in two Roman coastal communities (Italy, first to third century AD): Correlation between stable carbon and nitrogen isotope values and auricular exostosis prevalence

Crowe

Sperduti

O’Connell

et al. 2009

American J Phys Anthropol

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The reconstruction of dietary patterns in the two Roman imperial age coastal communities of Portus and Velia (I-III AD) by means of stable isotope analysis of bone remains has exposed a certain degree of heterogeneity between and within the two samples. Results do not correlate with any discernible mortuary practices at either site, which might have pointed to differential social status. The present study tests the hypothesis of a possible connection between dietary habits and occupational activities in the two communities. Among skeletal markers of occupation, external auricular exostosis (EAE) has proved to be very informative. Clinical and retrospective epidemiological surveys have revealed a strong positive correlation between EAE development and habitual exposure to cold water. In this study, we show that there is a high rate of occurrence of EAE among adult males in both skeletal samples (21.1% in Portus and 35.3% in Velia). Further, there is a statistically significant higher prevalence of EAE among those individuals at Velia with very high nitrogen isotopic values. This points to fishing (coastal, low-water fishing) as the sea-related occupation most responsible for the onset of the ear pathology. For Portus, where the consumption of foods from sea and river seems to be more widespread through the population, and where the scenario of seaport and fluvial activities was much more complex than in Velia, a close correlation between EAE and fish consumption by fishermen is less easy to establish.

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Exostoses of the external auditory canal in white‐water kayakers

et al. 2010

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External auditory canal exostoses in white water kayakers

Abstract: There is a positive relationship between the duration and frequency of white water kayaking and the presence and severity of EACE and associated ear infections.

Cited by 31 publications

References 9 publications

Injuries, Ill-Health and Fatalities in White Water Rafting and White Water Paddling

Injuries, Ill-Health and Fatalities in White Water Rafting and White Water Paddling

Water‐related occupations and diet in two Roman coastal communities (Italy, first to third century AD): Correlation between stable carbon and nitrogen isotope values and auricular exostosis prevalence

Exostoses of the external auditory canal in white‐water kayakers

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