External costs estimation in a cost-benefit analysis: The new Formia-Gaeta tourist railway line in Italy

Cartenì, Armando; Henke, Ilaria

doi:10.1109/eeeic.2017.7977614

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Among the research perspectives, there will be the estimation of a multivariable model aiming to evaluate daily COVID-19 cases/deaths as a function of some of the main context variables (e.g., population, exposure, peak infectivity, infection associated with heavy symptoms, asymptomatic/mild symptom, hospitalized cases, quarantine at home, and recovered/dead individuals), where mobility and air quality measures (the ones discussed in this research) could contribute to better describing the overall pandemic phenomena. Furthermore, other research perspectives should also consider impact assessment analyses (e.g., cost-benefit vs. multicriteria [60][61][62][63]) of sustainable mobility policies, such as the electric mobility (e-mobility) and Mobility as a Service (MaaS), in the "new normal" post-coronavirus era.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particulate Matter Short-Term Exposition, Mobility Trips and COVID-19 Diffusion: A Correlation Analyses for the Italian Case Study at Urban Scale

et al. 2021

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The conjecture discussed in this paper was that the daily number of certified cases of COVID-19 is direct correlated to the average particular matter (PM) concentrations observed several days before when the contagions occurred (short-term effect), and this correlation is higher for areas with a higher average seasonal PM concentration, as a measure of prolonged exposure to a polluted environment (long-term effect). Furthermore, the correlations between the daily COVID-19 new cases and the mobility trips and those between the daily PM concentrations and mobility trips were also investigated. Correlation analyses were performed for the application case study consisting in 13 of the main Italian cities, through the national air quality and mobility monitoring systems. Data analyses showed that the mobility restrictions performed during the lockdown produced a significant improvement in air quality with an average PM concentrations reduction of about 15%, with maximum variations ranging between 25% and 42%. Estimation results showed a positive correlation (stronger for the more highly polluted cities) between the daily COVID-19 cases and both the daily PM concentrations and mobility trips measured about three weeks before, when probably the contagion occurred. The obtained results are original, and if confirmed in other studies, it would lay the groundwork for the definition of the main context variables which influenced the COVID-19 spread. The findings highlighted in this research also supported by the evidence in the literature and allow concluding that PM concentrations and mobility habits could be considered as potential early indicators of COVID-19 circulation in outdoor environments. However, the obtained results pose significant ethical questions about the proper urban and transportation planning; the most polluted cities have not only worst welfare for their citizens but, as highlighted in this research, could lead to a likely greater spread of current and future respiratory and/or pulmonary health emergencies. The lesson to be learned by this global pandemic will help planners to better preserve the air quality of our cities in the post-COVID-19 era.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particulate Matter Short-Term Exposition, Mobility Trips and COVID-19 Diffusion: A Correlation Analyses for the Italian Case Study at Urban Scale

et al. 2021

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“…The technical activities in the design of public transport services mainly consist of: (i) Measures and/or indicators to evaluate and compare the performances of the different design solutions; (ii) methods and models for designing the main characteristics of transport services (e.g., path of the line routes; frequencies; fares; vehicle dimensions; location of stops). With reference to the performance indicators, most of studies focusing on the design of public transport services usually only consider service operation evaluation measures (e.g., travel time, within time- [23]), while social, environmental, and stakeholder engagement ones have been largely overlooked, albeit with a few exceptions (e.g., [24][25][26]). Analysis that allows for the fact that users have different indicators of interest and assigns them different weights introduces difficulties in properly measuring all relevant impacts of a project, such as externalities.…”

Section: Technical Features (Quantitative Methods) For Public Transpomentioning

confidence: 99%

A Rational Decision-Making Process with Public Engagement for Designing Public Transport Services: A Real Case Application in Italy

2020

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The sustainable design of public transport services is a crucial issue that may affect the economy of local areas and the social inclusion of their inhabitants. Indeed, transport accessibility of households, businesses, and retail activities is one of the main drivers that influence location choices and sustainable development and where the public transport services may play a key (positive) role. Furthermore, the economic crisis of the 2009 and the current ones caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has further limited the funds available for public services, including the transport sector. In this critical context, sound design of public transport services assumes great importance, especially in light of financial constraints. Starting from these considerations, the aim of this paper has been to propose an innovative methodology for designing public transport services based on a rational decision-making process with stakeholder engagement, aiming to perform a sustainable development perspective. The proposed methodology combines technical aspects, social and political issues, equity perspectives, and it is aimed in obtaining a design solution that can be accepted by the whole community. The proposed theoretical design methodology has also been applied to a case study in order to verify its applicability to a real context, consisting of the design of the public transport plan of the province of Foggia in southern Italy. Applications results show that the sustainable design scenario is not only the best ones from a technical point of view, but also participated, equitable, and approved by both policymakers and stakeholders.

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“…Definitely, the multi-criteria analysis generally allows a more reliable estimation of the non-users' impacts [78][79][80][81][82][83][84] (e.g., non-monetary externalities such as greenhouse gas emissions, naturalistic impacts, aesthetic quality) that are generally underestimated with cost-benefit analysis. On the other hand, cost-benefit analysis is a more standardized and less discretionary procedure (e.g., application of the national and/or the EU guidelines [85,86]) and it is commonly considered a "solid" evaluation method to reduce the risk of planning fallacy and minimize conflicts over decisions (enlarges the consensus).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the main characteristics of the CBA is that all the benefits must be monetized in order to be compared with the costs incurred (e.g., according to the national [85] and/or the EU guidelines [86]). The main benefits produced by an investment can be grouped in [79]:…”

Section: Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Sustainable Evaluation Processes for Investments in the Transport Sector: A Combined Multi-Criteria and Cost–Benefit Analysis for a New Highway in Italy

2020

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In the transport sector, a rational and shared planning process is commonly based on the comparison of different design alternatives through quantitative evaluations and stakeholders’ engagement. Among the most adopted evaluation methods, there are cost–benefit analysis (CBA) and multi-criteria analysis (MCA). Both these methods have strengths and weaknesses, which do not allow the conclusion that one technique is dominant over the other. Starting from these considerations, the aim of this paper is to propose a sustainable evaluation process for investments in the transport sector, based on the combined use of both CBA and MCA analysis and a stakeholders’ engagement. The proposed evaluation method was also applied to a real case study: the decision-making process for a new highway in a high naturalistic and touristic area in north of Italy. Furthermore, a “weighted criteria process definition” based on the Delphi method was also performed within a public engagement process. Research results show that the application of both the evaluation analyses (CBA and MCA) allows the selection of the most rational althernative from a sustainable, shared and technical point of view. Precisely, the estimations performed underline that the CBA analysis significantly underestimated the non-users’ benefits, while the opposite occurred for the MCA analysis. The incidence of the non-users’ benefits is only the 14% of the total for the CBA, while it reaches more than the 79% for the MCA. This result is very relevant underling how, for a decision-making processes aimed in comparing different design alternatives for which non-users impacts are expected as relevant against the users ones, the unique application of the most consolidated CBA analyses are not always adequate, while the joint use of the two evaluation methods ensures robust and rational choices for a sustainable development.

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External costs estimation in a cost-benefit analysis: The new Formia-Gaeta tourist railway line in Italy

Cited by 23 publications

References 13 publications

Particulate Matter Short-Term Exposition, Mobility Trips and COVID-19 Diffusion: A Correlation Analyses for the Italian Case Study at Urban Scale

Particulate Matter Short-Term Exposition, Mobility Trips and COVID-19 Diffusion: A Correlation Analyses for the Italian Case Study at Urban Scale

A Rational Decision-Making Process with Public Engagement for Designing Public Transport Services: A Real Case Application in Italy

A Sustainable Evaluation Processes for Investments in the Transport Sector: A Combined Multi-Criteria and Cost–Benefit Analysis for a New Highway in Italy

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