External iliac vein flow: its response to exercise and relation to lactate production

Cobb, Leonard A.; Smith, P. H.; S, Lwai; Short, F. A.

doi:10.1152/jappl.1969.26.5.606

Cited by 26 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Thus, among substances produced during supramaximal exercise, lactate probably more closely reflects the real anaerobic engagement, even though it should be considered that lactate appearance in the blood is a complex phenomenon probably resulting from the interaction of several factors, such as accelerating glycolisis, O 2 -dependent metabolism, lactate removal, and fast-twitch fibre recruitment (Gladden 2004). In the past, Cobb et al (1969) studied the relationship between the production of lactate during exercise and iliac vein blood flow after exercise. They confirmed that there is a close relation between lactate production and post-exercise vasodilatation.…”

Section: Methodological Considerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of differences in post-exercise lactate accumulation in athletes’ haemodynamics

Crisafulli

Tocco

Pittau

et al. 2006

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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To verify the relationship between exercise intensity and post-exercise haemodynamics, we studied haemodynamic and lactate responses during 10 min following 3 bicycle tests. Two tests were performed for 3 min at 70% and 130% of the workload corresponding to anaerobic threshold (70% W(at) and 130% W(at) tests), and 1 was performed until exhaustion at 150% of the maximum workload achieved during a previous incremental test (150% W(max) test). During the recovery period after the 150% W(max) test we observed the highest increases in blood lactate with respect to the baseline: at the 9th minute of recovery lactate concentration increased by +9.3 +/- 2.7, +6.4 +/- 3.1, and +1.1 +/- 0.9 mmol x L(-1) in the 150% W(max) (p > 0.05 with respect to the other protocol sessions), 130% W(at), and 70% W(at) tests, respectively. We also observed greater reductions in cardiac pre-load and systemic vascular resistance in the 150% W(max) test than in the 130% W(at) and 70% W(at) tests. However, the cardiac output response successfully faced the increased vasodilatation occurring during 150% W(max) test so that changes in mean blood pressure were similar in the 3 test conditions. This study shows that exercises that yielded different lactate concentrations also led to greater vasodilatation. Nevertheless, mechanisms controlling the cardiovascular apparatus successfully prevented a drop in blood pressure in spite of the cardiovascular stress.

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Section: Methodological Considerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of differences in post-exercise lactate accumulation in athletes’ haemodynamics

Crisafulli

Tocco

Pittau

et al. 2006

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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“…The FVBF at AR was 368 ml/min. Indicator dilution has estimated the absolute venous BF (in ml/min) as~400 in the external iliac vein [8,27], and 390 20 [37], 450 -886 [5], 334 -605 [27], 510 160 [17] and 196 -484 [11] in the FV. On the other hand, the femoral artery BF (ml/min) measured using Doppler ultrasound was 280 30 (SE) [31],~450 [26] while seated and 643 214 [20] in the supine position.…”

Section: Validation Of Fvbfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Effects of Respiration on Venous Return during Single Knee Extension-Flexion

et al. 2002

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Respiration and the muscle pump play major roles in increasing venous return. However, the relative contribution of each of these factors remains unclear. The present study investigates the quantitative effects of interaction between respiration and the muscle pump on femoral venous blood flow (FVBF) during a single voluntary knee extension-flexion (KEF) using duplex-Doppler ultrasound. During various respiration modes, which consisted of arrested respiration, normal respiration and deep respiration (inspiration or expiration), eight subjects performed a supine one-legged voluntary KEF. FVBF was measured during respiration only (Protocol A) and during KEF synchronized with respiration (Protocol B). The difference between FVBF values obtained in Protocol B and Protocol A was defined as DeltaFVBF. When KEF was synchronized with normal or deep respiration, FVBF with inspiration was significantly lower than that with expiration. However, DeltaFVBF was significantly higher with inspiration than with expiration during deep respiration but was not significant during normal respiration. Furthermore, DeltaFVBF was significantly higher at both normal and deep respiration than at arrested respiration. The effects upon the venous return during KEF differed between inspiration and expiration. The present findings indicate that during a single supine KEF, respiration might promote venous return to a range of 1.5- to 2.3-fold DeltaFVBF during arrested respiration.

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“…The shape of the dye curves was irregular, however, indicating great variety and dispersion of circulation times in the leg, and this made it difficult to distinguish the primary circulation of the indicator from the recirculation as is necessary for the calculation of flow. Other approaches utilizing specialized equipment for the injection and the recording of the indicator concentration time-course have been tried both at rest and during light exercise (Pentecost, 1964;Ganz, Hlavova, Fronek, Linhart & Prerovsky, 1964;Hlavova, Linhart, Prerovsky, Ganz & Fronek, 1965;Cobb, Smith, Lwai & Short, 1969). No simple method is available, however, for the determination ofleg blood flow, nor does any information appear to have been published on leg blood flowin response to graded exercise in healthy subjects.…”

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confidence: 99%

Leg Blood Flow during Exercise in Man

Jorfeldt¹,

Wahren²

1971

Clinical Science

344

189

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1. An indicator-dilution technique was used to determine human leg blood flow at rest and during exercise. The method is based on the infusion of Indocyanine Green into the femoral artery with blood sampling from the femoral vein at the level of the inguinal ligament. Evidence for mixing of dye and blood is presented, based on the finding of equal dye concentrations at two different sampling levels in the femoral vein. The minimum time of infusion required for equilibration at rest is 3 min and during exercise 1 min 20 s.2. Leg blood flow was measured in eight healthy athletic subjects at rest and during upright exercise on a bicycle ergometer at 400, 800 and 1200 kpm/min. Linear relationships were found between blood flow on the one hand and work intensity and pulmonary oxygen uptake on the other.3. Leg oxygen uptake was measured as the product of blood flow and femoral arterio-venous oxygen difference. Linear regressions were found for leg oxygen uptake in relation to both work intensity and pulmonary oxygen uptake. Leg mechanical efficiency during exercise averaged 34%. 4. A formula for the approximate calculation of leg blood flow is suggested, based on the pulmonary oxygen uptake and the femoral arterio-venous oxygen difference.The quantitative study of peripheral circulatory dynamics and limb metabolism in human subjects requires methods for measurement of blood flow which can be applied in a variety of clinical situations. Such methods do not appear to be available for leg blood flow determination. Although the indicator-dilution principle, which has been widely used for the determination of cardiac output, would seem to be applicable in the study of regional circulation, several theoretical objections and practical difficulties have limited its usefulness.If blood flow in an extremity is to be measured by the indicator-dilution method, several conditions must be fulfilled (Zierler, 1961).

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External iliac vein flow: its response to exercise and relation to lactate production

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of differences in post-exercise lactate accumulation in athletes’ haemodynamics

Effect of differences in post-exercise lactate accumulation in athletes’ haemodynamics

Quantitative Effects of Respiration on Venous Return during Single Knee Extension-Flexion

Leg Blood Flow during Exercise in Man

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