External ophthalmomyiasis in a neonate masquerading as an orbital cellulitis

Sen, Pradhnya; Mohan, Akhilesh; Jain, Sankalp; Shah, Chintan; Jain, Elesh

doi:10.4103/ijo.ijo_1861_19

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…India has experienced a substantial number of external ophthalmomyiasis cases over the last two decades, as evidenced by nine case series studies, with Misra [78], while in the other 22 reports, one or two cases were reported [2,13,20,29,30,[62][63][64][65][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87]. The causative agents identified in India were O. ovis, Musca ssp., Musca domestica Linnaeus (Insecta: Diptera: Muscidae), and C. bezziana.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ophthalmomyiasis Externa and Importance of Risk Factors, Clinical Manifestations, and Diagnosis: Review of the Medical Literature

Martinez-Rojano,

Huerta,

Sámano

et al. 2023

Diseases

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Objective: This review aims to describe and compare the risk factors, clinical course, diagnosis, and parasitologic features of external ophthalmomyiasis. We also discuss the different preventive measures and the effect of global warming in a large case series reported from January 2000 to December 2022. Methods: We perform a literature review of reported cases of external ophthalmomyiasis to determine the clinical characteristics, therapeutic management, and information on the organisms that most commonly cause external ophthalmomyiasis. Results: A total of 312 cases of external ophthalmomyiasis were recorded. The most common causative organism was Oestrus ovis (Linnaeus) (Diptera: Oestridae), accounting for 72.1% of cases, followed by Dermatobia hominis (Linnaeus Jr. in Pallas, 1781) (Diptera: Oestridae) at 5.4%, Lucilia sericata (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) at 0.96%, and Chrysomyia bezziana (Villeneuve) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) at 0.96%. Before experiencing symptoms, 43.6% of cases reported having direct contact with flies or being hit in the eye, 33% reported no associated risk factors, 9.3% reported living with sheep and goats, and 7.7% reported a history of foreign objects entering the eye. The most common symptoms for those affected by O. ovis were sudden onset, including a foreign body sensation and movement, redness, tearing, itching, swelling, irritation, photophobia, burning, and ocular secretion. In cases caused by D. hominis, symptoms included eyelid edema, pain, redness, itching, movement within the lesion, ocular irritation, and discharge. Regarding occupational or recreational activity, agriculture, and livestock had the highest incidence, followed by trades and technical activities, being a student, and having traveled to an endemic region for work or recreation. Conclusion: Patients with red eyes may suffer from external ophthalmomyiasis, which requires a thorough examination to diagnose and treat it early. Moreover, as the temperature increases due to climate change, it is essential to consider how this will affect the spread of different pathogens.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ophthalmomyiasis Externa and Importance of Risk Factors, Clinical Manifestations, and Diagnosis: Review of the Medical Literature

Martinez-Rojano,

Huerta,

Sámano

et al. 2023

Diseases

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“…Insect larvae (i.e., maggots) feed off and develop in the tissues of living organisms when adult flies lay eggs in or on the tissues. While rare, myiasis has been reported in adults living in tropical and subtropical regions, particularly as wound infestations in settings where flies are present and are able to contact openings and wounds ( 1 , 2 ). Healthcare-associated myiasis is associated with insufficient supervision of immobilized patients in warm climates ( 3 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Myiasis is even rare in neonates. Whereas most published cases in neonates describe community-acquired umbilical myiasis ( 4 – 10 ), neonatal ophthalmomyiasis has been scantily described ( 2 , 11 , 12 ). Other sites reported among neonates are ear ( 13 ), nasopharynx ( 14 ), oral ( 15 ), skin ( 16 ), and intestine ( 17 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ophthalmomyiasis in a preterm neonate resulting in blindness: A case report from Botswana

Nakstad

Zandile²,

Gaebolae³

et al. 2022

Front. Pediatr.

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Myiasis is an infestation of human tissue by insect larvae. While rare, healthcare-associated myiasis has been reported from immobilized patients in resource-limited healthcare facilities in warm climates without adequate vector control measures. We describe a case of Ophthalmomyiasis in a hospitalized neonate in Botswana that resulted in vision loss. The neonate, who was initially hospitalized due to the complications of prematurity, received phototherapy for jaundice, and to avoid phototherapy-related retinopathy, the neonate’s eyes were covered using cotton gauze and adhesive tapes that potentially damaged the skin as commercially available eye covering was not in stock. Therefore, eye covering was not changed and when the eye covering was removed almost 3 days after placement, insect larvae were noted in the patient’s eyes and nose. Ophthalmologic evaluation revealed perforated corneal ulcer and uveal prolapse in the right eye resulting in complete blindness and corneal scarring of the left eye. The patient’s clinical course was further complicated by an Enterobacter species bloodstream infection. This case highlights the importance of vector control as a major patient safety measure for neonatal units in warm climates. Flies had been observed in the room and mitigation measures included reducing fly populations through traps, screens, and removal of standing water and leftover food. Every mother and staff were sanitizing hands when entering the room and gowns were used. This case also reinforces the importance to conduct vigilant monitoring of patients, especially neonates with eyes covered during phototherapy.

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External ophthalmomyiasis in a neonate masquerading as an orbital cellulitis

Cited by 2 publications

References 2 publications

Ophthalmomyiasis Externa and Importance of Risk Factors, Clinical Manifestations, and Diagnosis: Review of the Medical Literature

Ophthalmomyiasis Externa and Importance of Risk Factors, Clinical Manifestations, and Diagnosis: Review of the Medical Literature

Ophthalmomyiasis in a preterm neonate resulting in blindness: A case report from Botswana

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