External physical field‐driven nanocatalytic cancer therapy

Abstract

Recently, variable nanocatalysts have provided novel, highly selective, minimally invasive strategies driven by external physical fields for cancer therapy. In the catalytic reaction, less toxic or nontoxic substances can be in situ converted into toxic agents for cancer suppression. In this review, we systematically summarize the catalytic cancer therapy based on different types of external physical fields, including light, ultrasound, electricity, temperature, X-ray, magnetic field, and microwave. The properties, mechanisms, and advantages of the corresponding external physical fields in cancer therapy are also introduced. Importantly, considering the rapid development of catalytic nanomedicine, the research progress of catalytic cancer therapy driven by external physical fields is discussed. Finally, the remaining challenges and outlooks that catalytic cancer therapy faced are also outlined. We believe that the emerging external physical fields-driven nanocatalytic cancer therapy will provide a new avenue for cancer treatment.

Spaced-Confined Janus Engineering Enables Controlled Ion Transport Channels and Accelerated Kinetics for Secondary Ion Batteries

“…Such built-in electric field displays the high value of 7.3 × 10 10 V m −1 by the interface potential as shown in Figure 5c, indicating the high electronic conductivity. 52 Corresponding to the density of state pattern in Figure 5d, Janus Co/Co 2 P@CNT-CS shows the largest electron number in the Fermi level than that of Co and Co 2 P due to the strong built-in electric field, suggesting the highest electronic conductivity. During the discharging process, the transfer rate of electrons from Co to Co 2 P is accelerated due to the built-in electric field directed from Co 2 P to Co. Then, more electrons can undergo rapid redox reactions with Co 2 P and the Na-ion to generate NaP and Na 3 P (Co 2 P + Na + + e − → 2Co + NaP, NaP + 2Na + + 2e − → Na 3 P), alleviating the polarization effect of Na-ions.…”

Self‐Driven Electricity Modulates d‐Band Electrons of Copper Single‐Atom Nanozyme for Boosting Cancer Therapy

“…The non-invasive exogenous stimuli, including light, [9] electrical fields, [10] ultrasound, [11] and magnetism, [12] have been utilized for improving the catalytic activity of nanozymes. [13] Among various stimuli, electric fields have been applied in clinical cancer therapy through mechanisms of irreversible electroporation, electric field-induced mitosis inhibition, and electrochemotherapy. [14] Relative to other stimuli, electric fields have broad and deep actuation fields to cover tumor tissues.…”

Emerging trends in materials and devices‐based electric stimulation therapy for tumors

“…Unlike normal tissues, tumors are difficult to be cure due to their complex structure and composition. [1] Although significant progress has been made in the development of cancer treatments, there is still a need for more effective and safer therapies. One promising area of research that has gained attention in recent years is electrical stimulation (ES) therapy, which includes direct ES such as irreversible electroporation (IRE), tumor treating fields (TTFields), electrochemical therapy (EchT), and indirect ES therapy based on selfpowered device (nanogenerator, galvanic cell) and electrically responsive nanomaterials (photoelectric nanomaterials, pyroelectric nanomaterials, piezoelectric nanomaterials and electrocatalytic nanomaterials).…”

“…Cancer is one of the three major killers threatening human health today. Unlike normal tissues, tumors are difficult to be cure due to their complex structure and composition [1] . Although significant progress has been made in the development of cancer treatments, there is still a need for more effective and safer therapies.…”