2015
DOI: 10.3989/mc.2015.10513
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External sulfate attack in dam concretes with thaumasite formation

Abstract: Concrete core samples extracted from different areas of the Mequinenza Dam (Spain) have been studied and expansive reactions affecting the structure were not found. However, expansive reactions in the concrete of certain parts located near the abutments of two galleries have been observed as a consequence of an external sulfate attack due to the sulfur compounds contained in the lignites that are present on the surrounding terrain. Secondary gypsum, ettringite, and thaumasite, as well as several sulfate efflor… Show more

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Cited by 9 publications
(10 citation statements)
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“…The vast majority of studies and case reports of thaumasite formation have sulphates coming from an external source [19][20][21]. There are very few studies in the literature in which the cause of the appearance of thaumasite is due to internal sulphate attack.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The vast majority of studies and case reports of thaumasite formation have sulphates coming from an external source [19][20][21]. There are very few studies in the literature in which the cause of the appearance of thaumasite is due to internal sulphate attack.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…En España no se han reportado muchas estructuras de hormigón que haya sufrido un ataque sulfático con formación de taumasita. En (26), los autores señalan un caso de formación en el hormigón de la presa de Mequinenza, construcción ubicada en terrenos con lignitos de alto contenido de sulfuros de hierro, la taumasita aparece en las canaletas del interior de las galerías por donde circula agua constantemente como consecuencia de un ataque externo por sulfatos. Otros casos de aparición de taumasita en España son (27) (Valle de los Caídos) donde se produce por incompatibilidad de los materiales usados, yeso; en (28) la aparición de taumasita se asume como la causa del fallo en un pavimento y en (29) se relaciona en un estudio sobre metodología de reparación de yesos históricos.…”
Section: Introductionunclassified
“…Otros casos de aparición de taumasita en España son (27) (Valle de los Caídos) donde se produce por incompatibilidad de los materiales usados, yeso; en (28) la aparición de taumasita se asume como la causa del fallo en un pavimento y en (29) se relaciona en un estudio sobre metodología de reparación de yesos históricos. La aparición de taumasita conlleva la pérdida de capacidad cohesiva del gel CSH y, en caso de que se forme en gran cantidad, puede llegar a convertir al hormigón en una masa que se desprende fácilmente y se desintegra con una leve presión manual (26).…”
Section: Introductionunclassified
“…The sulphates present in mortars and concretes may come from the gypsum or anhydrite added to the clinker in the cement manufacturing process as a setting retarder, or they may have been incorporated once cement has hydrated and hardened. An excess of sulphates can be harmful, since if they react with hydrated calcium aluminates, secondary ettringite is formed, while they react with CSH gel, thaumasite can be formed [1][2][3]. The appearance of secondary ettringite causes tensions inside the concrete due to the increase in volume [4], while the formation of thaumasite leads to the disappearance of the CSH gel, which is the main cohesive compound in cement.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%