Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the validity of the ultrasound features as well as patient characteristics assigned to B3 (uncertain malignant potential) breast lesions before vacuum-assisted excision biopsy (VAEB).Methods: This study population consisted of 2245 women with breast-nodular abnormalities, which were conducted ultrasound-guided VAEB (US-VAEB). Patient’s clinical and anamnestic data and lesion-related ultrasonic feature variables of B3 were compared with those of benign or malignant cases, using histopathological results as a benchmark. Results: The proportions of benign, B3 and malignant breast lesions were 88.5%, 8.2% and 3.4% respectively. B3 high frequent occurred in BI-RADS-US grade 3 (7.7%), grade 4 (9.3%), grade 4a (11.3%) and grade 4b (9.1%). The overall malignancy underestimation rate of B3 cases was 4.4% (8/183). The more common malignancy underestimation of B3 subtypes were PL/ADH 50% (1/2), ADH 23.1% (3/13), and CSL/RS 16.7% (1/6). And the highly frequent recurrence rates of B3 subtypes were ADH 10% (1/10), PL 4.9% (4/82), and PT 8.6% (6/70). Multivariate binary logistic regression analyses (B3 vs benign) showed that non-menopausal patients (95% CI 1.628-8.616, P = 0.002), single (95% CI 1.370-2.650, P = 0.000) or abundant blood supply (95% CI 1.745-4.150, P = 0.000) nodules via ultrasound examination were significant risk factors for B3 occurrences. Moreover, patients elder than 50 years (95% CI 3.178-19.816, P = 0.000), unclear margin (95% CI 3.571-14.119, P = 0.000) or microcalcification (95% CI 4.010-30.733, P = 0.000) nodules were significantly associated with higher risks of malignant potentials (B3 vs malignant).Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that ultrasound findings and patients’ characteristics could provide valuable information for distinguishing B3 cases from benign or malignant cases before VAEB.