Extinction in a field of bullets

Duncan, Jeffrey R.; Lockwood, Julie L.

doi:10.1016/s0006-3207(01)00077-5

Cited by 149 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…failed recruitment, skewed sex ratios) and environmental catastrophe (e.g. habitat drying, vegetation die-off, water-quality issues, impacts of invasive fishes) and are likely to have low resilience to new threats or resistance to chronic stressors (Angermeier 1995;Duncan and Lockwood 2001;Fagan et al 2002). These vulnerabilities were reaffirmed during critical water shortages in the Lower Murray region, with specific drivers of population decline witnessed including complete elimination of habitat types, loss of refuges, low remaining abundances, concentration with alien species and conspecifics, outbreaks of disease, and an instance of strong male bias.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Freshwater fish conservation in the face of critical water shortages in the southern Murray–Darling Basin, Australia

Hammer¹,

Bice

Hall

et al. 2013

Mar. Freshwater Res.

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Abstract. The lower reaches of the expansive Murray-Darling Basin, Australia, are a hotspot for freshwater biodiversity. The regional ecosystem, however, has been significantly altered by river regulation, including local and catchment-wide water abstraction. Freshwater fishes have suffered from the resultant altered flow regime, together with other threats including habitat degradation and alien species. Impacts reached a critical point (imminent species extinction) during a prolonged drought (1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)) that lead to broad-scale habitat loss and drying of refuges during 2007-2010, and urgent conservation measures were subsequently instigated for five threatened small-bodied fish species. A critical response phase included ad hoc interventions that were later incorporated within a broader, coordinated multi-agency program (i.e. the Drought Action Plan and Critical Fish Habitat projects). On-ground actions included local translocation, alien species control, in situ habitat maintenance (e.g. earthworks, environmental water delivery), fish rescues, artificial refuge establishment and captive breeding. Improved river flows signalled an initial phase of recovery in 2011-2012 that included reintroductions. The present paper aims to document the actions undertaken in the Lower Murray, and review successes and lessons from practical examples that will help guide and inform management responses to conserve fish in modified systems subjected to severe water decline.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Freshwater fish conservation in the face of critical water shortages in the southern Murray–Darling Basin, Australia

Hammer¹,

Bice

Hall

et al. 2013

Mar. Freshwater Res.

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“…The importance of fish diversity in Central Mexico has been largely recognized [54] but very few efforts have been made to establish a basis for their conservation. Further, no studies have addressed the evolutionary processes underlying such diversity targeted at maintaining these processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary history of the endangered fish Zoogoneticus quitzeoensis (Bean, 1898) (Cyprinodontiformes: Goodeidae) using a sequential approach to phylogeography based on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA data

et al. 2008

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BackgroundTectonic, volcanic and climatic events that produce changes in hydrographic systems are the main causes of diversification and speciation of freshwater fishes. Elucidate the evolutionary history of freshwater fishes permits to infer theories on the biotic and geological evolution of a region, which can further be applied to understand processes of population divergence, speciation and for conservation purposes. The freshwater ecosystems in Central Mexico are characterized by their genesis dynamism, destruction, and compartmentalization induced by intense geologic activity and climatic changes since the early Miocene. The endangered goodeid Zoogoneticus quitzeoensis is widely distributed across Central México, thus making it a good model for phylogeographic analyses in this area.ResultsWe addressed the phylogeography, evolutionary history and genetic structure of populations of Z. quitzeoensis through a sequential approach, based on both microsatellite and mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences. Most haplotypes were private to particular locations. All the populations analysed showed a remarkable number of haplotypes. The level of gene diversity within populations was H¯d = 0.987 (0.714 – 1.00). However, in general the nucleotide diversity was low, π = 0.0173 (0.0015 – 0.0049). Significant genetic structure was found among populations at the mitochondrial and nuclear level (ΦST = 0.836 and FST = 0.262, respectively). We distinguished two well-defined mitochondrial lineages that were separated ca. 3.3 million years ago (Mya). The time since expansion was ca. 1.5 × 106 years ago for Lineage I and ca. 860,000 years ago for Lineage II. Also, genetic patterns of differentiation, between and within lineages, are described at different historical timescales.ConclusionOur mtDNA data indicates that the evolution of the different genetic groups is more related to ancient geological and climatic events (Middle Pliocene, ca. 3.3 Mya) than to the current hydrographic configuration of the basins. In general, mitochondrial and nuclear data supported the same relationships between populations, with the exception of some reduced populations in highly polluted basins (Lower Lerma River), where the effects of genetic drift are suggested by the different analyses at the nuclear and mitochondrial level. Further, our findings are of special interest for the conservation of this endangered species.

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“…Fish are the most diverse of all vertebrate groups; however, they are also the most threatened after amphibians 8–10 . Freshwater biodiversity, in particular, is currently facing a global crisis, with many of the world’s most species-rich, threatened and valuable fish lineages afforded no legal protection 11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish species composition, distribution and community structure in the lower reaches of Ganjiang River, Jiangxi, China

Wang

Liu

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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The Ganjiang River (length: 823 km; drainage area: 82,809 km 2 ) is the largest river that flows into Poyang Lake and an important tributary of the Yangtze River. In this study, fish fauna were collected from 10 stations in the lower reaches of the river (YC: Yichun, XY: Xinyu, SG: Shanggao, GA: Ganan, ZS: Zhangshu, FC: Fengcheng, NC: Nanchang, QS: Qiaoshe, NX: Nanxin, CC: Chucha) from March 2017 to February 2018. The species composition and distribution as well as spatio-temporal variation in biodiversity and abundance were then examined. Overall, 12,680 samples comprising15 families and 84 species were collected, the majority of which belonged to the Order Cypriniformes (69.05% of the total species collected) and Cyprinidae (64.29%). Moreover, of these 84 species, 36 (42.86%) were endemic to China. Dominant species were Cyprinus carpio (index of relative importance ( IRI ): 17.19%), Pseudobrama simoni ( IRI : 10.81%) and Xenocypris argentea ( IRI : 10.20%). Subsequent cluster analysis divided the samples into three significantly different groups by sample site. Meanwhile, Margalef species richness and Shannon−Wiener diversity indices were both low, and along with analyses of abundance-biomass curves suggested moderate disturbance. Current threats to the conservation of fish biodiversity in the lower reaches were also reviewed and management solutions suggested. The results will help form the basis for reasonable exploitation and protection of freshwater fish in the lower reaches of the Ganjiang River.

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Extinction in a field of bullets

Cited by 149 publications

References 19 publications

Freshwater fish conservation in the face of critical water shortages in the southern Murray–Darling Basin, Australia

Freshwater fish conservation in the face of critical water shortages in the southern Murray–Darling Basin, Australia

Evolutionary history of the endangered fish Zoogoneticus quitzeoensis (Bean, 1898) (Cyprinodontiformes: Goodeidae) using a sequential approach to phylogeography based on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA data

Fish species composition, distribution and community structure in the lower reaches of Ganjiang River, Jiangxi, China

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