Extinction Rebellion is part of a new transnational wave of climate movements and protests that emerged in 2018, given impetus by a 2018 report of the UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change which had set out the need for radical reductions in carbon emissions by 2030. Like the youth climate strikes, which also first appeared that year, it brought new activists into the streets, challenged authorities, and led to increased political debate about the urgency of action on climate change. Extinction Rebellion (or XR) differs from the Greta Thunberg‐inspired school climate strikes in prioritizing mass civil disobedience, directed primarily at national governments and located mainly in national capitals. It originated in the UK, and although it has spread to over 80 countries and has diversified, the template provided by the UK group has shaped XR's character and repertoire globally. In part, this explains some of the challenges that the movement has faced.