Extracardiac juvenile rhabdomyoma of the larynx: a rare pathological finding

Abstract

The extracardiac juvenile rhabdomyoma is extremely rare in the field of Otorhinolaryngology. The tumour usually arises from the soft tissue of the face or from mucosal sites, especially the oropharynx and the oral cavity but only sporadic endolaryngeal cases have been described in literature so far with predominance of young males. Here, we describe the very rare case of endolaryngeal extracardiac juvenile rhabdomyoma in a 42-year-old male. Clinical examination showed a mass of the right vocal cord, resembling a cystic lesion. Microlaryngoscopy revealed a non-encapsulated lesion and histopathology including immunohistochemistry which consecutively led to the correct diagnosis. This case suggests that the endolaryngeal extracardiac juvenile rhabdomyoma can be easily confused with a vocal cord cyst. Malignant transformations have not been reported but recurrences have been described. When total excision cannot be accomplished, reoperation or narrow follow-up is indicated to prevent advanced revision surgeries.

Fetal Type Rhabdomyoma of the Soft Palate in an Adult Patient: Report of One Case and Review of the Literature

“…Clinically, majority patients with fetal rhabdomyoma presented with asymptomatic nodule/mass or painless swelling, with the exception of masses located at vocal cord, which often caused hoarseness, and the one tumor located in bladder, which presented with hematuria. Clinical diagnosis included submucosal cyst [11], vascular malformation, or unspecified benign lesion [12]. However, clinical differential diagnosis was not mentioned in the majority of the literature.…”

Seltene Erkrankungen des Larynx, der Trachea und der Schilddrüse

“…Usually, rhabdomyomas are tumors of the cardiac muscles. Apart from the cardiac locations, the head and neck region is most frequently affected, especially the neck and face muscles as well as the muscles of the oropharynx and the tongue 124 . Laryngeal manifestations have been described, although they are extremely rare 125 .…”

“…Rhabdomyome sind üblicherweise Tumoren der Herzmuskulatur. Unter den extrakardialen Lokalisationen ist die Kopf-Hals-Region am häufigsten betroffen, v. a. die Hals- und Gesichtsmuskulatur sowie die Muskulatur im Oropharynx und der Zunge 124 . Auch laryngeale Manifestationen sind beschrieben, diese sind äußerst selten 125 .…”

Endoscopic management of adult-type rhabdomyoma of the glottis: case report and review of the literature

“…The vaginal-type is a rare tumor-like polypoid mass, found in the vagina and vulva of middle-aged women. The fetal-type, with the subordinated juvenile rhabdomyoma, 3 is prevalent in head and neck areas in children. Adult extracardiac rhabdomyomas present generally as unifocal head and neck tumors in middle-aged patients, 4 , 5 multifocal in 14–26% of cases.…”