Extracción con CO2 Supercrítico de Aceite de Semillas de Guanábana (Annona muricata): Cinética, Perfil de Ácidos Grasos y Esteroles

Abstract

Se estudió la extracción de aceite de semillas de guanábana utilizando dióxido de carbono supercrítico a presiones entre 20 y 35 MPa y temperaturas entre 313 y 333 K, con un flujo de dióxido de carbono constante de 30 g.min-1 y un tiempo de extracción de 150 min. Se planteó un diseño experimental compuesto central para estudiar el efecto de la presión (P) y la temperatura (T) sobre el rendimiento, el perfil de ácidos grasos y esteroles. La composición en ácidos grasos y esteroles se analizó por cromatografía de gases. La presión tuvo un efecto significativo (p<0,05) sobre el rendimiento alcanzando un rendimiento óptimo del 12.9%. El ácido oleico es el ácido graso mayoritario, seguido del ácido palmítico y linoleico. En menor proporción se encontraron el ácido esteárico, palmitoleico, linolénico y dodecanoico. Además, se encontró la presencia de campesterol, estigmasterol y β-sitosterol. Por lo tanto, el aceite obtenido libre de solventes muestra potencial para ser usado como ingrediente natural en diferentes industrias.

Intensified green-based extraction process as a circular economy approach to recover bioactive compounds from soursop seeds (Annona muricata L.)

“…Soursop seed oil extracted by SFE contained 27.6% saturated fatty acids and 70.0% unsaturated fatty acids ( Table 2 ). Similar fatty acid profiles have also been reported in the literature, with unsaturated fatty acid percentages of 64–75% ( Dorado et al, 2016 , Pinto et al, 2018 ). The major compounds identified in terms of the relative area percentage and/or relevance in the extracts were the unsaturated fatty acids, oleic acid (ω9), 10,13-octadecadienoic acid (PUFA), linoleic acid (ω6), palmitoleic acid (ω7), and elaidic acid (a trans geometric isomer of oleic acid), as well as saturated fatty acids, palmitic acid, and stearic acid.…”

“…Corroborating these results, Santos et al, 2018 , Dorado et al, 2016 reported the extraction yields of 6.9% and 12.9%, respectively, for soursop seeds using SFE under different conditions (20 MPa, 40 °C, 0.12 kg CO 2 ∙h −1 , and 145 min and 38.1 MPa, 49.8 °C, 1.8Kg CO 2 ∙h −1 and 150 min, respectively).…”

“…The unsaturated fatty acids were predominant in the soursop seeds obtained by SFE, mainly including oleic and linoleic acid as well as essential fatty acids, which regulate various functions including blood pressure, blood clotting, blood lipid levels, immune response, and anti-inflammatory properties, and protect the cardiovascular system ( Bhardwaj et al, 2014 ). These also aid in maintaining integrity and nutrition, strengthening the lipid barrier, hydrating the skin, and other vital functions of the human body ( Dorado et al, 2016 ).…”

Study of supercritical CO2 extraction of tamarillo (Cyphomandra Betacea) seed oil containing high added value compounds

“…Tamarillo seed oil obtained with SC‐CO2 presented a saturated fatty acid content of 11.80, 16.18% monounsaturated fatty acid content, and 72.05% polyunsaturated fatty acid content, which is similar to those reported in other studies . The high polyunsaturated content is due principally to its linoleic content, as in passion fruit seed oil (72.7%) and grape seed oil (70–78%) .…”

Extraction and Characterization of the Polar Lipid Fraction of Blackberry and Passion Fruit Seeds Oils Using Supercritical Fluid Extraction

“…The extraction yield and selectivity depend on different factors such as the technique and the extraction parameters employed and the type of solvent or the geographical area where the fruits are grown (Pantoja-Chamorro et al 2017a). SFE employs green solvents such as carbon dioxide and it commonly allows obtaining higher efficiency, selectivity, and recoveries working under mild conditions, thus favoring the extraction of bioactive and thermolabile compounds (Dorado et al 2016;Herrero et al 2006;Herrero et al 2013).…”