Extracellular DNA as Matrix Component in Microbial Biofilms

Chiang, Wen‐Chi; Tolker‐Nielsen, Tim

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-12617-8_1

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…eDNA is a matrix component of microbial biofilms [ 41 ] and is involved in the process of biofilm formation, as earlier demonstrated in several bacteria, for example, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Enterococcus faecalis [ 16 , 17 , 42 ]. eDNA is essential for initiation and stabilization of biofilms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of eDNA from the Clinical StrainAcinetobacter baumanniiAIIMS 7 and Its Role in Biofilm Formation

Sahu

Iyer

Oak

et al. 2012

The Scientific World Journal

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Release of extracellular DNA (eDNA) was observed duringin vitrogrowth of a clinical strain ofAcinetobacter baumannii. Membrane vesicles (MV) of varying diameter (20–200 nm) containing DNA were found to be released by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). An assessment of the characteristics of the eDNA with respect to size, digestion pattern by DNase I/restriction enzymes, and PCR-sequencing, indicates a high similarity with genomic DNA. Role of eDNA in static biofilm formed on polystyrene surface was evaluated by biofilm augmentation assay using eDNA available in different preparations, for example, whole cell lysate, cell-free supernatant, MV suspension, and purified eDNA. Biofilm augmentation was seen up to 224.64%, whereas biofilm inhibition was 59.41% after DNase I treatment: confirming that eDNA facilitates biofilm formation inA. baumannii. This is the first paper elucidating the characteristics and role of eDNA inA. baumanniibiofilm, which may provide new insights into its pathogenesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of eDNA from the Clinical StrainAcinetobacter baumanniiAIIMS 7 and Its Role in Biofilm Formation

Sahu

Iyer

Oak

et al. 2012

The Scientific World Journal

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“…Bacteria actively release or secrete DNA, or it is released during bacterial lysis and outer membrane vesicle formation (Chiang and Tolker-Nielsen, 2010). eDNA is known to accumulate in many Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial biofilms (Tetz et al, 2009; Chiang and Tolker-Nielsen, 2010). …”

Section: Source and Functions Of Extracellular Dnamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extracellular DNA is required and primarily acts to facilitate attachment, aggregation, stabilization, and maturation of biofilm formation (Chiang and Tolker-Nielsen, 2010). DNase treatment of young P. aeruginosa biofilms results in biofilm dissolution, but mature biofilms resist DNase treatment, indicating a role in early biofilm formation (Whitchurch et al, 2002).…”

Section: Source and Functions Of Extracellular Dnamentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular DNA-induced antimicrobial peptide resistance mechanisms in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Lewenza¹

2013

Front. Microbio.

128

123

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Extracellular DNA (eDNA) is in the environment, bodily fluids, in the matrix of biofilms, and accumulates at infection sites. eDNA can function as a nutrient source, a universal biofilm matrix component, and an innate immune effector in eDNA traps. In biofilms, eDNA is required for attachment, aggregation, and stabilization of microcolonies. We have recently shown that eDNA can sequester divalent metal cations, which has interesting implications on antibiotic resistance. eDNA binds metal cations and thus activates the Mg2+-responsive PhoPQ and PmrAB two-component systems. In Pseudomonas aeruginosa and many other Gram-negative bacteria, the PhoPQ/PmrAB systems control various genes required for virulence and resisting killing by antimicrobial peptides (APs), including the pmr genes (PA3552–PA3559) that are responsible for the addition of aminoarabinose to lipid A. The PA4773–PA4775 genes are a second DNA-induced cluster and are required for the production of spermidine on the outer surface, which protects the outer membrane from AP treatment. Both modifications mask the negative surface charges and limit membrane damage by APs. DNA-enriched biofilms or planktonic cultures have increased antibiotic resistance phenotypes to APs and aminoglycosides. These dual antibiotic resistance and immune evasion strategies may be expressed in DNA-rich environments and contribute to long-term survival.

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Extracellular DNA as Matrix Component in Microbial Biofilms

Cited by 2 publications

References 83 publications

Characterization of eDNA from the Clinical StrainAcinetobacter baumanniiAIIMS 7 and Its Role in Biofilm Formation

Characterization of eDNA from the Clinical StrainAcinetobacter baumanniiAIIMS 7 and Its Role in Biofilm Formation

Extracellular DNA-induced antimicrobial peptide resistance mechanisms in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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