Extracellular matrix and transmembrane linkages at the termination of intrafusal fibers and the outer capsule in chicken muscle spindles

Maier, Andrea B.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4687(199606)228:3<335::aid-jmor5>3.0.co;2-0

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The study results outlined here have demonstrated that MSs are embedded in the IMCT and that the MS outer capsule is continuous with the perimysium, epimysium, endomysium, nerve, and blood vessel. Other studies have already demonstrated the continuity of the outer capsule with the ECM of extrafusal fibers in chicken [ 36 ] and with the perineural epithelium [ 37 ]. IMCT acts as the scaffold for muscle bundles and fiber integrity and carries the blood vessels and nerves to the muscle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-Related Alterations of Hyaluronan and Collagen in Extracellular Matrix of the Muscle Spindles

Fan

Pirri

Fede

et al. 2021

JCM

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Background: Muscle spindles (MSs) play a crucial role in proprioception and locomotor coordination. Although the elasticity and viscosity of the extracellular matrix (ECM) within which MSs are embedded may play a key role in MS function, the impact of aging on ECM components is unclear. The aim of the current study was to investigate the age-related physiological changes of the ECM and to verify if these could be due to alterations of the environment directly surrounding MSs. Methods: Hematoxylin Eosin and picrosirius-red staining was carried out; collagen types I (COLI) and III (COLIII) were assessed, and biotinylated hyaluronan binding protein (HABP) immunohistochemical analysis was undertaken to evaluate alterations of the ECM in the intramuscular connective tissue (IMCT) of the hindlimbs of C57BL/6J male mice. Assessments were carried out on 6-week-old (Group A), 8-month-old (Group B), and 2-year-old (Group C) laboratory mice. Results: The capsule’s outer layer became progressively thicker with aging (it was 3.02 ± 0.26 μm in Group A, 3.64 ± 0.31 μm in Group B, and 5.81 ± 0.85 μm in Group C). The collagen in IMCT around and within the MSs was significantly higher in Group C, but there were no significant differences between Groups A and B. The MS capsules and continuous IMCT were primarily made up of COLI and COLIII. The average optical density (AOD) values of COLI in IMCT surrounding MS were significantly higher after aging (p < 0.05), but there were no significant differences in COLIII in the three groups (p > 0.05). HA was present in IMCT and filled the MSs capsule. The AOD of HABP of MS showed that there were lower HA levels in Group C with respect to Group A (p = 0.022); no significant differences were noted neither between Groups A and B nor between Groups B and C (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Age-related collagen accumulation and lower HA in the ECM in which the MSs were embedded may probably cause more stiffness in the ECM in vivo, which could help to partly explain the peripheral mechanisms underlying the age-related decline in functional changes related to MSs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-Related Alterations of Hyaluronan and Collagen in Extracellular Matrix of the Muscle Spindles

Fan

Pirri

Fede

et al. 2021

JCM

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“…Most intrafusal muscle fibers extend beyond the ends of the muscle spindle capsule and are clearly attached to the surrounding connective tissue [ 90 ]. Furthermore, it is speculative but likely that numerous transverse connections exist from the intracellular space across the cell membrane to the extracellular matrix and between extrafusal fibers, distal muscle spindle capsules and terminating intrafusal fibers [ 91 ]. The current author suggests that a good candidate for this extracellular matrix-based trans-spindle cross-talk between Type Ia Piezo2 and Type III Piezo2 channels could be the Piezo1 ion channels.…”

Section: Noncontact Injury Mechanism Of Domsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness and Critical Neural Microdamage-Derived Neuroinflammation

Sonkodi

2022

Biomolecules

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Piezo2 transmembrane excitatory mechanosensitive ion channels were identified as the principal mechanotransduction channels for proprioception. Recently, it was postulated that Piezo2 channels could be acutely microdamaged on an autologous basis at proprioceptive Type Ia terminals in a cognitive demand-induced acute stress response time window when unaccustomed or strenuous eccentric contractions are executed. One consequence of this proposed transient Piezo2 microinjury could be a VGLUT1/Ia synaptic disconnection on motoneurons, as we can learn from platinum-analogue chemotherapy. A secondary, harsher injury phase with the involvement of polymodal Aδ and nociceptive C-fibers could follow the primary impairment of proprioception of delayed onset muscle soreness. Repetitive reinjury of these channels in the form of repeated bout effects is proposed to be the tertiary injury phase. Notably, the use of proprioception is associated with motor learning and memory. The impairment of the monosynaptic static phase firing sensory encoding of the affected stretch reflex could be the immediate consequence of the proposed Piezo2 microdamage leading to impaired proprioception, exaggerated contractions and reduced range of motion. These transient Piezo2 channelopathies in the primary afferent terminals could constitute the critical gateway to the pathophysiology of delayed onset muscle soreness. Correspondingly, fatiguing eccentric contraction-based pathological hyperexcitation of the Type Ia afferents induces reactive oxygen species production-associated neuroinflammation and neuronal activation in the spinal cord of delayed onset muscle soreness.

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“…Indeed, the intrafusal fibers of the MS possess intracapsular terminations or extend beyond the limit of the MS capsule terminating in the intramuscular connective tissue of adjacent extrafusal fibers [38]. In addition, other studies have demonstrated the continuity of the outer capsule with the ECM of extrafusal fibers and with the perineural epithelium [37,39,40].…”

Section: Nerve and Muscle Spindlementioning

confidence: 99%

From Muscle to the Myofascial Unit: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives

Stecco

Giordani

Fede

et al. 2023

IJMS

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The “motor unit” or the “muscle” has long been considered the quantal element in the control of movement. However, in recent years new research has proved the strong interaction between muscle fibers and intramuscular connective tissue, and between muscles and fasciae, suggesting that the muscles can no longer be considered the only elements that organize movement. In addition, innervation and vascularization of muscle is strongly connected with intramuscular connective tissue. This awareness induced Luigi Stecco, in 2002, to create a new term, the “myofascial unit”, to describe the bilateral dependent relationship, both anatomical and functional, that occurs between fascia, muscle and accessory elements. The aim of this narrative review is to understand the scientific support for this new term, and whether it is actually correct to consider the myofascial unit the physiological basic element for peripheral motor control.

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Extracellular matrix and transmembrane linkages at the termination of intrafusal fibers and the outer capsule in chicken muscle spindles

Cited by 5 publications

References 48 publications

Age-Related Alterations of Hyaluronan and Collagen in Extracellular Matrix of the Muscle Spindles

Age-Related Alterations of Hyaluronan and Collagen in Extracellular Matrix of the Muscle Spindles

Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness and Critical Neural Microdamage-Derived Neuroinflammation

From Muscle to the Myofascial Unit: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives

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