Extracellular matrix in regenerating rat sciatic nerve: a comparative study on the localization of laminin, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, including versican.

Abstract

Using a glial hyaluronate-binding protein as a probe, monoclonal antibodies against versican and ABC digested chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, and polyclonal antibodies against laminin, we localized these extracellular matrix (ECM) components in the endoneurium of the adult rat sciatic nerve. During Widleian degeneration caused by nerve crushing, the staining pattern of these ECM elements changed dramatically. In the first stages and up to 5 days after injury, the tubular endoneurial structures remained the same as in control nerves. Ten days after crush, the bands of Biingner formed by proliferating Schwann cells in the distal stump of crushed nerves stained diffusely for hyaluronate, laminin, and chondroitin sulfate. Regenerating axom were dem-

Peripheral Nerve Reconstruction Using Enriched Chitosan Conduits

“…In peripheral nerves, HA has positive effects on peripheral nerve regeneration modulating glial cell adhesion and migration and neuronal sprouting [15][16][17]. Yet, topical application of HA is able to reduce the scar formation and create a more favorable environment for nerve regeneration [37,38].…”

“…HA action is related to its molecular weight; a long polymer (>500 kDA) is generally known as high molecular weight HA (HMW HA) and is found predominantly in the brain where it has a structural role and takes part in various biological process like silences inflammation, angiogenesis and neural differentiation [14]. In the peripheral nerves, HA is one of the prominent components of the Bunger band formed during Wallerian degeneration, and the ablation of HA receptors can reduce cell adhesion and migration [15]. Several studies showed that HA has a positive effects on peripheral nerve regeneration [16,17].…”

Transient accumulation of perisinusoidal chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans during liver regeneration and development.

“…Recently, several MAbs recognizing epitopes on chondroitin sulfate chains have been developed and used to visualize the changes in chondroitin sulfate during development, wound healing, and regeneration (Tona et al, 1993;Brittis et al, 1992;Perris et al, 1991;Mark et al, 1990). In this study, three different kinds of MAbs were successfully used to detect PGs that contained chondroitin sulfate chains susceptible to chondroitinase ABC digestion.…”

“…In addition, it has been suggested that the disappearance and reappearance of ECM components play important roles during these processes (Kato et al, 1992;Wewer et al, 1992;Martinez-Hernandez et al, 1991;Rescan et al, 1989;Carlsson et al, 1981;Edward et al, 1980). Changes of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (PGs) as a component of the extracellular matrix have been observed in other systems for tissue regeneration and development: skeletal muscle regeneration (Carrino et al, 1988); optic nerve regeneration (Battisti et al, 1992); retinal neuronal patterning (Brittis et al, 1992); neural crest development (Perris et al, 1991); tooth germ development (Mark et al, 1990); sciatic nerve regeneration (Tona et al, 1993;Hoffman et al, 1990); and kidney development (McCarthy et al, 1993). However, changes in chondroitin sulfate PGs during liver development and regeneration have remained to be studied.…”

Distribution of a brain-specific extracellular matrix protein in developing and adult zebrafish

“…The extracellular matrix (ECM) is involved in various aspects of brain development (Venstrom and Reichardt, 1993), including nerve regeneration (Masuda-Nakagawa and Nicholls, 1991;Bignami et al, 1991;Tona et al, 1993), migration of neuronal cells, axonal outgrowth (Kafitz and Greer, 1998;Pires-Neto et al, 1999), and cell-to-cell signaling (Arber et al, 1995). About 20% of the weight of the living brain consists of extracellular water associated with the brain ECM that fills the empty spaces between cells (Rutka et al, 1988).…”