Extracellular polymeric substances trigger microbial immigration from partial denitrification (PD) to anammox biofilms in a long-term operated PD/anammox process in low-strength wastewater

Mechanism Involved in Polyvinyl Chloride Nanoplastics Induced Anaerobic Granular Sludge Disintegration: Microbial Interaction Energy, EPS Molecular Structure, and Metabolism Functions

“…The components of EPS impact the surface charge and hydrophobicity of microbial flocs, thereby affecting bacterial aggregation . EPS are important microbial products and the organic macromolecules in EPS are produced by biosynthetic polymerization of specific building blocks. , It has been reported that 20 different amino acids, including arginine and alanine, involved in the synthesis of bacterial proteins, and monosaccharides were utilized to synthesize microbial polysaccharides via the Embden–Meyerhoff–Parnas gluconeogenesis (EMP) pathway . Phosphatidylethanolamine (PtE) and phosphatidylcholine (PtC) were the primary components of extracellular PLP. , As can be seen, microbial metabolism significantly determines the EPS level and chemical composition as well as microbial aggregation potential and the granule spatial structure.…”

“…24 EPS are important microbial products and the organic macromolecules in EPS are produced by biosynthetic polymerization of specific building blocks. 25,26 It has been reported that 20 different amino acids, including arginine and alanine, involved in the synthesis of bacterial proteins, 27 and monosaccharides were utilized to synthesize microbial polysaccharides via the Embden−Meyerhoff−Parnas gluconeogenesis (EMP) pathway. 28 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PtE) and phosphatidylcholine (PtC) were the primary components of extracellular PLP.…”

Synergistic Integration of Anammox and Endogenous Denitrification Processes for the Simultaneous Carbon, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus Removal

“…The simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal (SNPR) process was enhanced in a series of two sequencing batch reactors (termed SNPR-SBR and N-SBR), achieving nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiencies of 93.9 and 94.2%, respectively . Two different biofilms of PD and anammox were inoculated into a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) to start up a PD/A process, resulting in the immigration of denitrifying bacteria (DNB) to anammox biofilms . Recently, the feasibility of an anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) to enrich anammox bacteria was explored, which achieved considerable removal efficiencies (>90%) of NH 4 + –N and NO 2 – –N. , ABR is a type of anaerobic wastewater treatment system that consists of a series of compartments, each of which contains a baffle to direct the water downward and upward.…”