Extracellular Trap by Blood Cells: Clinical Implications

Nija, R. J.; Sanju, S.; Sidharthan, Neeraj; Mony, Ullas

doi:10.1007/s13770-020-00241-z

Cited by 33 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…10,11 Increased NET formation is well known in various clinical conditions, including sepsis, trauma, autoimmune diseases, deep vein thrombosis, atherosclerosis, and thrombotic microangiopathy. 12,13 Because multiple nosologies share humoral and cellular activation pathways, we asked whether TAVI increases circulating soluble suppression of tumorigenicity-2 (sST2) and its counterpart interleukin (IL)-33, a known biological alarmin that would serve as an additional biological marker for ongoing inflammatory processes. [14][15][16] In this study, we investigated for the first time whether BHVs employed for TAVI augment an a-Gal-specific humoral immune response of total immunoglobulin (Ig) G, IgG subclasses, and IgE; activate the complement system via C3a; induce citrullinated H3 (CitH3) as a marker for NET formation; and initiate the IL-33/ST2 pathway within 90 days after intervention compared with baseline levels.…”

Section: Central Messagementioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory immune response in recipients of transcatheter aortic valves

et al. 2021

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Objective: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is rapidly replacing cardiac surgery due to its minimal invasiveness and practicality. Midterm immunological studies on the biocompatibility of galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (a-Gal)carrying bioprosthetic heart valves for TAVI are not available. In this study we investigated whether bioprosthetic heart valves employed for TAVI augment an a-Gal-specific antibody-dependent and antibody-independent immune response 3 months after TAVI implantation. PERSPECTIVENext-generation transcatheter aortic valve implantation, deficient for Gal, will show whether immune activity can be dampened with the potential consequence of increased valve durability.See Commentaries on pages 97 and 99.

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Section: Central Messagementioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory immune response in recipients of transcatheter aortic valves

et al. 2021

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“…ETs in MCs are known as MCETs (mast cell extracellular traps). The presence of MCETs in vitro related to various infections caused by bacteria, protozoa, fungi, and also in other pathological conditions has already been described [163]. MCETs are comprised of nuclear DNA, tryptase, histones, and cathelicidins.…”

Section: Mast Cellsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In humans, cathelicidin LL-37 has already been identified, as well as cathelicidin-related AMP (CRAMP) in mice [164]. Typically, the formation of MCETs is ROS-dependent [163], and MCs undergo nuclear membrane rupture and subsequently cell death [33].…”

Section: Mast Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Immune System Throws Its Traps: Cells and Their Extracellular Traps in Disease and Protection

Conceição-Silva

Reis

Luca

et al. 2021

Cells

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The first formal description of the microbicidal activity of extracellular traps (ETs) containing DNA occurred in neutrophils in 2004. Since then, ETs have been identified in different populations of cells involved in both innate and adaptive immune responses. Much of the knowledge has been obtained from in vitro or ex vivo studies; however, in vivo evaluations in experimental models and human biological materials have corroborated some of the results obtained. Two types of ETs have been described—suicidal and vital ETs, with or without the death of the producer cell. The studies showed that the same cell type may have more than one ETs formation mechanism and that different cells may have similar ETs formation mechanisms. ETs can act by controlling or promoting the mechanisms involved in the development and evolution of various infectious and non-infectious diseases, such as autoimmune, cardiovascular, thrombotic, and neoplastic diseases, among others. This review discusses the presence of ETs in neutrophils, macrophages, mast cells, eosinophils, basophils, plasmacytoid dendritic cells, and recent evidence of the presence of ETs in B lymphocytes, CD4+ T lymphocytes, and CD8+ T lymphocytes. Moreover, due to recently collected information, the effect of ETs on COVID-19 is also discussed.

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“…ETs are produced not only by neutrophils, but also by other immune cell types, such as monocytes and macrophages, eosinophils, basophils, and mast cells [ 7 , 8 ]. In addition to the presence of DNA, they contain associated molecules that can be specific depending on the cell type and on the stimuli [ 9 ]. Although ETs play a beneficial role in host defences, they consist of a filamentous network of chromosomal and/or mitochondrial DNA released from the cell after the breakdown of the nuclear/mitochondrial membrane, usually leading to suicidal death, distinct from apoptosis or necrosis (reviewed in References [ 2 , 10 ]).…”

Section: Extracellular Traps (Etosis)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation of Cell Communication Systems in Invertebrate Host–Defence Mechanisms: Possible Role in Immunity and Disease

Auguste

Balbi

Ciacci

et al. 2020

Biology

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Innate immunity is continuously revealing multiple and highly conserved host–defence mechanisms. Studies on mammalian immunocytes are showing different communication systems that may play a role in coordinating innate immune responses also in invertebrates. Extracellular traps (ETs) are an immune response by which cells release net-like material, including DNA, histones and proteins. ETs are thought to immobilise and kill microorganisms, but are also involved in inflammation and autoimmune disease. Immune cells are also known to communicate through extracellular vesicles secreted in the extracellular environment or exosomes, which can carry a variety of different signalling molecules. Tunnelling nanotubes (TNTs) represent a direct cell-to-cell communication over a long distance, that allow for bi- or uni-directional transfer of cellular components between cells. Their functional role in a number of physio-pathological processes, including immune responses and pathogen transfer, has been underlined. Although ETs, exosomes, and TNTs have been described in invertebrate species, their possible role in immune responses is not fully understood. In this work, available data on these communication systems are summarised, in an attempt to provide basic information for further studies on their relevance in invertebrate immunity and disease.

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Extracellular Trap by Blood Cells: Clinical Implications

Cited by 33 publications

References 63 publications

Inflammatory immune response in recipients of transcatheter aortic valves

Inflammatory immune response in recipients of transcatheter aortic valves

The Immune System Throws Its Traps: Cells and Their Extracellular Traps in Disease and Protection

Conservation of Cell Communication Systems in Invertebrate Host–Defence Mechanisms: Possible Role in Immunity and Disease

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