Extracellular vesicle–based drug delivery in cancer immunotherapy

Najafi, Sajad; Majidpoor, Jamal; Mortezaee, Keywan

doi:10.1007/s13346-023-01370-3

Cited by 28 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 231 publications

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“…Furthermore, there is some successful clinical experience with bEVs, exemplified by the MenBVac vaccine for Neisseria meningitidis [ 95 ]. As a result of these characteristics, harnessing the immunostimulatory properties of bEVs along with additional engineering (such as incorporation of chemotherapeutic drugs and tumor-targeting ligands) comprises an area of intense research efforts [ 96 – 98 ].…”

Section: Microbiome Revelations Spur Interest In Bugs-as-drugs For Ca...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing Bacterial Extracellular Vesicle Immune Effects for Cancer Therapy

Karaman,

Pathak,

Bayik

et al. 2024

PAI

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There are a growing number of studies linking the composition of the human microbiome to disease states and treatment responses, especially in the context of cancer. This has raised significant interest in developing microbes and microbial products as cancer immunotherapeutics that mimic or recapitulate the beneficial effects of host-microbe interactions. Bacterial extracellular vesicles (bEVs) are nano-sized, membrane-bound particles secreted by essentially all bacteria species and contain a diverse bioactive cargo of the producing cell. They have a fundamental role in facilitating interactions among cells of the same species, different microbial species, and even with multicellular host organisms in the context of colonization (microbiome) and infection. The interaction of bEVs with the immune system has been studied extensively in the context of infection and suggests that bEV effects depend largely on the producing species. They thus provide functional diversity, while also being nonreplicative, having inherent cell-targeting qualities, and potentially overcoming natural barriers. These characteristics make them highly appealing for development as cancer immunotherapeutics. Both natively secreted and engineered bEVs are now being investigated for their application as immunotherapeutics, vaccines, drug delivery vehicles, and combinations of the above, with promising early results. This suggests that both the intrinsic immunomodulatory properties of bEVs and their ability to be modified could be harnessed for the development of next-generation microbe-inspired therapies. Nonetheless, there remain major outstanding questions regarding how the observed preclinical effectiveness will translate from murine models to primates, and humans in particular. Moreover, research into the pharmacology, toxicology, and mass manufacturing of this potential novel therapeutic platform is still at early stages. In this review, we highlight the breadth of bEV interactions with host cells, focusing on immunologic effects as the main mechanism of action of bEVs currently in preclinical development. We review the literature on ongoing efforts to develop natively secreted and engineered bEVs from a variety of bacterial species for cancer therapy and finally discuss efforts to overcome outstanding challenges that remain for clinical translation.

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Section: Microbiome Revelations Spur Interest In Bugs-as-drugs For Ca...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing Bacterial Extracellular Vesicle Immune Effects for Cancer Therapy

Karaman,

Pathak,

Bayik

et al. 2024

PAI

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“…In this regard, exosomes released by immune cells could play a vital role in immune regulations and also communication between the innate and adaptive immune system [87]. Therefore, it attracts more researchers' attention to employ these vesicles for cancer immunotherapy, diagnosis, and drug delivery therapy [88,89].…”

Section: Exosomes' Role In Cancer Immune Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Exosome-like Systems: From Therapies to Vaccination for Cancer Treatment and Prevention—Exploring the State of the Art

Sheikhhossein,

Iommelli,

Di Pietro

et al. 2024

Vaccines

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Cancer remains one of the main causes of death in the world due to its increasing incidence and treatment difficulties. Although significant progress has been made in this field, innovative approaches are needed to reduce tumor incidence, progression, and spread. In particular, the development of cancer vaccines is currently ongoing as both a preventive and therapeutic strategy. This concept is not new, but few vaccines have been approved in oncology. Antigen-based vaccination emerges as a promising strategy, leveraging specific tumor antigens to activate the immune system response. However, challenges persist in finding suitable delivery systems and antigen preparation methods. Exosomes (EXs) are highly heterogeneous bilayer vesicles that carry several molecule types in the extracellular space. The peculiarity is that they may be released from different cells and may be able to induce direct or indirect stimulation of the immune system. In particular, EX-based vaccines may cause an anti-tumor immune attack or produce memory cells recognizing cancer antigens and inhibiting disease development. This review delves into EX composition, biogenesis, and immune-modulating properties, exploring their role as a tool for prevention and therapy in solid tumors. Finally, we describe future research directions to optimize vaccine efficacy and realize the full potential of EX-based cancer immunotherapy.

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“…Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a group of nanoscale membrane-bound vesicles secreted by almost all eukaryotic cells [ 77 , 78 ]. The surface of EVs is rich in a variety of transmembrane proteins, such as ICAM-1, integrin, and tetraspanin, which give EVs the ability to target specific tissues or cells [ 79 ].…”

Section: Biomimetic Cell-derived Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomimetic Cell-Derived Nanoparticles: Emerging Platforms for Cancer Immunotherapy

Huang

Liu

et al. 2023

Pharmaceutics

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Cancer immunotherapy can significantly prevent tumor growth and metastasis by activating the autoimmune system without destroying normal cells. Although cancer immunotherapy has made some achievements in clinical cancer treatment, it is still restricted by systemic immunotoxicity, immune cell dysfunction, cancer heterogeneity, and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (ITME). Biomimetic cell-derived nanoparticles are attracting considerable interest due to their better biocompatibility and lower immunogenicity. Moreover, biomimetic cell-derived nanoparticles can achieve different preferred biological effects due to their inherent abundant source cell-relevant functions. This review summarizes the latest developments in biomimetic cell-derived nanoparticles for cancer immunotherapy, discusses the applications of each biomimetic system in cancer immunotherapy, and analyzes the challenges for clinical transformation.

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Extracellular vesicle–based drug delivery in cancer immunotherapy

Cited by 28 publications

References 231 publications

Harnessing Bacterial Extracellular Vesicle Immune Effects for Cancer Therapy

Harnessing Bacterial Extracellular Vesicle Immune Effects for Cancer Therapy

Exosome-like Systems: From Therapies to Vaccination for Cancer Treatment and Prevention—Exploring the State of the Art

Biomimetic Cell-Derived Nanoparticles: Emerging Platforms for Cancer Immunotherapy

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