Extracellular vesicles and oncogenic signaling

Schubert, Antje; Boutros, Michael

doi:10.1002/1878-0261.12855

Cited by 40 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 177 publications

(353 reference statements)

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“…This RANKL-independent osteoclast induction may be related to IL-1 α -induced expression of microphthalmia transcription factor (MITF) in macrophages [ 83 ]. VEGF is also carried by exosomes as a cargo [ 84 ]. VEGF acts as an osteolytic agent in a paracrine manner in inflammatory bone diseases.…”

Section: Exosomes and Bone Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

[Retracted] Exosome: Function and Application in Inflammatory Bone Diseases

Wang

Chen

et al. 2021

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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In the skeletal system, inflammation is closely associated with many skeletal disorders, including periprosthetic osteolysis (bone loss around orthopedic implants), osteoporosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. These diseases, referred to as inflammatory bone diseases, are caused by various oxidative stress factors in the body, resulting in long-term chronic inflammatory processes and eventually causing disturbances in bone metabolism, increased osteoclast activity, and decreased osteoblast activity, thereby leading to osteolysis. Inflammatory bone diseases caused by nonbacterial factors include inflammation- and bone resorption-related processes. A growing number of studies show that exosomes play an essential role in developing and progressing inflammatory bone diseases. Mechanistically, exosomes are involved in the onset and progression of inflammatory bone disease and promote inflammatory osteolysis, but specific types of exosomes are also involved in inhibiting this process. Exosomal regulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway affects macrophage polarization and regulates inflammatory responses. The inflammatory response further causes alterations in cytokine and exosome secretion. These signals regulate osteoclast differentiation through the receptor activator of the nuclear factor-kappaB ligand pathway and affect osteoblast activity through the Wnt pathway and the transcription factor Runx2, thereby influencing bone metabolism. Overall, enhanced bone resorption dominates the overall mechanism, and over time, this imbalance leads to chronic osteolysis. Understanding the role of exosomes may provide new perspectives on their influence on bone metabolism in inflammatory bone diseases. At the same time, exosomes have a promising future in diagnosing and treating inflammatory bone disease due to their unique properties.

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Section: Exosomes and Bone Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

[Retracted] Exosome: Function and Application in Inflammatory Bone Diseases

Wang

Chen

et al. 2021

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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“…These vesicles carry several molecules, including cytokines and tissue factor, associated with cancer pathogenesis and progression but also with tumor immune eradication and immunosuppression (Graner, 2018). EVs released from both cancer and immune cells have shown to facilitate angiogenesis, cause extracellular matrix remodeling, prepare the pre-metastatic niche, and consequently cause organ tropism of disseminating tumor cells (Kuriyama et al, 2020;Schubert and Boutros, 2021). However, only few manuscripts have reported P2X7-dependent EV release from cancer cells (Gutierrez-Martin et al, 2011;Kholia et al, 2015;Park et al, 2019) and therefore evidence relating to P2X7R activity, EV content, and cancer function is far to be complete and will deserve further attention.…”

Section: P2x7r-dependent Ev Production From Tumor Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of ATP in Extracellular Vesicle Biogenesis and Dynamics

et al. 2021

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Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is among the molecules involved in the immune response. It acts as danger signal that promotes inflammation by activating both P2X and P2Y purinergic receptors expressed in immune cells, including microglia, and tumor cells. One of the most important receptors implicated in ATP-induced inflammation is P2X7 receptor (P2X7R). The stimulation of P2X7R by high concentration of ATP results in cell proliferation, inflammasome activation and shedding of extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are membrane structures released by all cells, which contain a selection of donor cell components, including proteins, lipids, RNA and ATP itself, and are able to transfer these molecules to target cells. ATP stimulation not only promotes EV production from microglia but also influences EV composition and signaling to the environment. In the present review, we will discuss the current knowledge on the role of ATP in the biogenesis and dynamics of EVs, which exert important functions in physiology and pathophysiology.

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“…Prolonged EVs in circulation can, therefore, act as robust, minimally invasive, specific biomarkers for diagnosing a variety of diseases, including cancers [ 319 , 320 ]. Owing to their low immunogenicity and capacity to cross biological barriers [ 321 ], EVs has been identified as a promising vehicle in transporting a variety of cargos, such as lipids, proteins, DNA/RNA species, for cancer treatments [ [322] , [323] , [324] , [325] ]. Since endogenous RNA species have been reported to be definitively present in EVs, EVs showed superior biocompatibility and delivery efficiency for TOs compared to synthetic nanoparticles [ 326 , 327 ].…”

Section: Nanoparticles-based Delivery Of Tosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delivery of therapeutic oligonucleotides in nanoscale

Zhou

Lin

et al. 2022

Bioactive Materials

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Therapeutic oligonucleotides (TOs) represent one of the most promising drug candidates in the targeted cancer treatment due to their high specificity and capability of modulating cellular pathways that are not readily druggable. However, efficiently delivering of TOs to cancer cellular targets is still the biggest challenge in promoting their clinical translations. Emerging as a significant drug delivery vector, nanoparticles (NPs) can not only protect TOs from nuclease degradation and enhance their tumor accumulation, but also can improve the cell uptake efficiency of TOs as well as the following endosomal escape to increase the therapeutic index. Furthermore, targeted and on-demand drug release of TOs can also be approached to minimize the risk of toxicity towards normal tissues using stimuli-responsive NPs. In the past decades, remarkable progresses have been made on the TOs delivery based on various NPs with specific purposes. In this review, we will first give a brief introduction on the basis of TOs as well as the action mechanisms of several typical TOs, and then describe the obstacles that prevent the clinical translation of TOs, followed by a comprehensive overview of the recent progresses on TOs delivery based on several various types of nanocarriers containing lipid-based nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles, porous nanoparticles, DNA/RNA nanoassembly, extracellular vesicles, and imaging-guided drug delivery nanoparticles.

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Extracellular vesicles and oncogenic signaling

Cited by 40 publications

References 177 publications

[Retracted] Exosome: Function and Application in Inflammatory Bone Diseases

[Retracted] Exosome: Function and Application in Inflammatory Bone Diseases

Role of ATP in Extracellular Vesicle Biogenesis and Dynamics

Delivery of therapeutic oligonucleotides in nanoscale

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