Extracellular Vesicles Released by <i>Leishmania</i>: Impact on Disease Development and Immune System Cells

Zauli, Rogéria Cristina; Vidal, Andrey Sladkevicius; Dupin, Talita Vieira; Morais, Aline Correia Costa de; Batista, Wagner L.; Xander, Patrícia

doi:10.5772/intechopen.101151

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 50 publications

(108 reference statements)

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“…Cutaneous Leishmaniasis is known as the oriental or the tropical sore, Delhi, Baghdad, or Aleppo boil, uta or the chiclero ulcer, or the forest yaws [50]. Instances have been documented among US military personnel deployed in Afghanistan and Iraq, as well as among individuals going to places with a high occurrence of the disease in Central and South America, and other locations.…”

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiology of Leishmaniasis

Salih,

Assumaidaee

2025

Egyptian Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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OME PARASITES are caused human-animal diseases, the pathogens carring from the animals to the people through the direct and indirect trance. The uncontrolled use of vaccinations and medications, as well as climate change and genetic engineering, have all contributed to the rise of novel diseases passed from animals to people. Leishmania is a parasitic organism that is transmitted by vectors and is capable of surviving exclusively within host cells. Belonging to the Trypanosomatidae family, this organism is accountable for causing many ailments, such as mucocutaneous, cutaneous, and visceral diseases, in both Old and the New World. Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by subspecies that have different clinical manifestations, leading to experts' confusion Parasites cause inflammation, secrete poisonous compounds into tissues. Understanding the pathophysiology of parasites transmitted from animals to people aids in the development of efficient ways for eliminating these parasitic illnesses as well as the development of effective vaccinations for other bacterial infections.

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Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiology of Leishmaniasis

Salih,

Assumaidaee

2025

Egyptian Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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Characterization of Extracellular Vesicles Secreted by a Clinical Isolate of Naegleria fowleri and Identification of Immunogenic Components within Their Protein Cargo

Moreira

Espinoza

Camacho

et al. 2022

Biology

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small lipid vesicles released by both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, involved in intercellular communication, immunomodulation and pathogenesis. In this study, we performed a characterization of the EVs produced by trophozoites of a clinical isolate of the free-living amoeba Naegleria fowleri (N. fowleri). Size distribution, zeta potential, protein profile and protease activity were analyzed. Under our incubation conditions, EVs of different sizes were observed, with a predominant population ranging from 206 to 227 nm. SDS-PAGE revealed protein bands of 25 to 260 KDa. The presence of antigenic proteins was confirmed by Western blot, which evidenced strongest recognition by rat polyclonal antibodies raised against N. fowleri in the region close to 80 KDa and included peptidases, as revealed by zymography. Proteins in selected immunorecognized bands were further identified using nano-ESI-MS/MS. A preliminary proteomic profile of the EVs identified at least 184 proteins as part of the vesicles’ cargo. Protease activity assays, in combination with the use of inhibitors, revealed the predominance of serine proteases. The present characterization uncovers the complexity of EVs produced by N. fowleri, suggesting their potential relevance in the release of virulence factors involved in pathogenicity. Owing to their cargo’s diversity, further research on EVs could reveal new therapeutic targets or biomarkers for developing rapid and accurate diagnostic tools for lethal infections such as the one caused by this amoeba.

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Extracellular Vesicles Released by Leishmania: Impact on Disease Development and Immune System Cells

Cited by 2 publications

References 50 publications

Pathophysiology of Leishmaniasis

Pathophysiology of Leishmaniasis

Characterization of Extracellular Vesicles Secreted by a Clinical Isolate of Naegleria fowleri and Identification of Immunogenic Components within Their Protein Cargo

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