Extracellular Water May Mask Actual Muscle Atrophy During Aging

Yamada, Yosuke; Schoeller, Dale A.; Nakamura, Eitaro; Morimoto, Taketoshi; Kimura, Misaka; Oda, Shingo

doi:10.1093/gerona/glq001

Cited by 127 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The use of a single-frequency BIA equipment could be a limitation in our study. Skeletal muscle holds water which is partitioned in intracellular and extracellular water, and changes in the ratio occur with aging (Yamada et al, 2010). Besides, single-frequency BIA is strongly influenced by relative expansion of ECW and overestimates skeletal muscle cross sectional area in the elderly (Yamada et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy of a predictive bioelectrical impedance analysis equation for estimating appendicular skeletal muscle mass in a non-Caucasian sample of older people

Peniche

Giorguli

Alemán-Mateo

2015

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy of a predictive bioelectrical impedance analysis equation for estimating appendicular skeletal muscle mass in a non-Caucasian sample of older people

Peniche

Giorguli

Alemán-Mateo

2015

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics

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“…Previous studies have shown that a reduced attenuation coefficient on CT of midthigh and lower leg muscle was a predictor of poor muscle strength and functional limitations independently of muscle CSA (Goodpaster et al 2001;Sipilä et al 2004;Visser et al 2002). These reports suggest that the evaluation of age-related changes in muscle quantity results in an overestimation of the amount of contractile muscle in older persons (Goodpaster et al 2001;Sipilä et al 2004;Visser et al 2002;Yamada et al 2010). In studies using ultrasound images, Suominen (1991, 1994) reported that EI of the quadriceps femoris was significantly correlated with knee extensor strength in older persons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Skeletal muscle quality assessed from echo intensity is associated with muscle strength of middle-aged and elderly persons

et al. 2011

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Enhanced echo intensity (EI) on an ultrasound image of skeletal muscle indicates changes in muscle quality, including increases in intramuscular fibrous and adipose tissues. However, it is not known whether muscle quality assessed from the EI of computer-aided gray-scale analysis of an ultrasound image is associated with the muscle strength or body composition of a subject. The objectives of this study were to investigate whether muscle quality assessed from EI measured using gray-scale analysis is associated with muscle strength independently of age or muscle thickness (MT), and to examine the relationship between muscle EI and body composition. Ninety-two healthy women with a mean age of 70.4 ± 5.5 years (range, 51-87 years) dwelling in Kyoto, Japan, participated in the study. The MT, subcutaneous fat thickness (FT), and EI of the quadriceps femoris on the right extremity were assessed from transverse ultrasound images. Knee extensor isometric strength was used as a measure of the quadriceps femoris muscle strength. EI was significantly correlated with quadriceps strength independently of age or MT, and stepwise regression analysis revealed that MT and EI were independently associated with quadriceps strength. Importantly, EI showed no significant correlations with FT, percentage of body fat (%BF), or body mass index (BMI), while FT, BMI, and %BF did not significantly influence muscle strength. These data suggest that muscle quantity (i.e., MT) and muscle quality assessed from EI measured using computer-aided gray-scale analysis independently contribute to muscle strength in middle-aged and elderly persons.

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“…By the fourth decade populations (1,9) and individuals (10) begin to show a gradual loss in skeletal muscle mass and the rate of atrophy appears to accelerate beyond the seventh decade (1,9,11) . These later years are associated with sarcopenia and related functional loss of skeletal muscle, often referred to as dynapenia (12) , that together reflect skeletal muscle's loss in mass, altered composition (13,14) and lowered functionality as defined by strength and *Corresponding author: S. B. Heymsfield, email Steven.Heymsfield@pbrc.edu Abbreviations: ALST, appendicular lean soft tissue; BIA, bioimpedance analysis; CT, computed tomography; DCR, deuterated creatine; DXA, dualenergy X-ray absorptiometry; HU, Hounsfield units; IMAT, intermuscular adipose tissue; SEE, standard error of the estimate.…”

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confidence: 99%

Skeletal muscle mass and quality: evolution of modern measurement concepts in the context of sarcopenia

et al. 2015

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Conference on 'Nutrition and age-related muscle loss, sarcopenia and cachexia' The first reports of accurate skeletal muscle mass measurement in human subjects appeared at about the same time as introduction of the sarcopenia concept in the late 1980s. Since then these methods, computed tomography and MRI, have been used to gain insights into older (i.e. anthropometry and urinary markers) and more recently developed and refined methods (ultrasound, bioimpedance analysis and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) of quantifying regional and total body skeletal muscle mass. The objective of this review is to describe the evolution of these methods and their continued development in the context of sarcopenia evaluation and treatment. Advances in these technologies are described with a focus on additional quantifiable measures that relate to muscle composition and 'quality'. The integration of these collective evaluations with strength and physical performance indices is highlighted with linkages to evaluation of sarcopenia and the spectrum of related disorders such as sarcopenic obesity, cachexia and frailty. Our findings show that currently available methods and those in development are capable of non-invasively extending measures from solely 'mass' to quality evaluations that promise to close the gaps now recognised between skeletal muscle mass and muscle function, morbidity and mortality. As the largest tissue compartment in most adults, skeletal muscle mass and aspects of muscle composition can now be evaluated by a wide array of technologies that provide important new research and clinical opportunities aligned with the growing interest in the spectrum of conditions associated with sarcopenia.

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Extracellular Water May Mask Actual Muscle Atrophy During Aging

Abstract: The ECW/TW ratio increases in the lower leg with age. The results suggest that the expansion of ECW relative to ICW and the LV masked actual muscle cell atrophy with aging.

Cited by 127 publications

References 31 publications

Accuracy of a predictive bioelectrical impedance analysis equation for estimating appendicular skeletal muscle mass in a non-Caucasian sample of older people

Accuracy of a predictive bioelectrical impedance analysis equation for estimating appendicular skeletal muscle mass in a non-Caucasian sample of older people

Skeletal muscle quality assessed from echo intensity is associated with muscle strength of middle-aged and elderly persons

Skeletal muscle mass and quality: evolution of modern measurement concepts in the context of sarcopenia

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