Extracorporeal shockwave therapy shows time-dependent chondroprotective effects in osteoarthritis of the knee in rats

et al. 2016

Preprint

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Dysregulation of cartilage homeostasis and the changes in the density and the architecture of the subchondral bone were postulated as a potent mechanically pathological activity contributing to osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis. Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) is a new, none invasive and effective method in the treatment of animal OA model. In the current study, we demonstrated that shockwave induced the expression of protein-disulfide isomerase-associated 3 (Pdia-3) which is a multifunctional protein hypothesized to be a significant mediator for 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1α,25(OH)2D3) signaling pathway using two-dimensional electrophoresis. Histological analysis and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were verified and observed that the expression of Pdia-3 at 2 weeks was significantly higher than that of any other group at 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks post-shockwave treatment in early OA knee of rat. The other factors of the 1α,25(OH)2D3 rapid membrane signaling pathway including extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 (ERK1), osteopontin (OPG), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and matrix metallopeptidase 13 (MMP13) were measured and significantly increased by qPCR at 2 weeks post-shockwave treatment in early OA knee. Our proteomic data revealed significant Pdia-3 expression in microenvironments of joint tissue that could be actively responded to ESWT, which may potentially regulate biological function of chondrocytes and osteoblasts in the treatment of OA knee.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

ESWT Enhances Expression of Pdia-3 which is a Key Factor of 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Rapid Membrane Signaling Pathway in Treatment of Early Osteoarthritis Knee

Hsu

et al. 2016

Preprint

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“…This is the first time that the biological responses had been conclusively shown in the literature. Subsequently, several studies reported similar results with various target tissues in biological tissues including non-union of the long bone fractures [11,19].…”

Section: Eswt Treatment On Tendon To Bonementioning

confidence: 66%

“…The biological effects of ESWT in osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee has been studied, and the results showed that application of ESWT to the subchondral bone of the medial tibia condyle showed time dependent, site specific chondroprotective effects in the initiation of OA changes of the knee in rats [19,24,25]. There were significant increases of VEGF, BMP-2, and osteocalcin in the subchondral bone as compared to the control at week 2, 4, 8, and 12.…”

Section: Eswt On Osteoarthritismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biological mechanism of shockwave in bone

International Journal of Surgery

2015

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Shockwave is a rapid, short duration acoustic wave that carries energy and can propagate through tissue medium. This kind of physical force can be a mechanical stimulus that induces biological effects in living tissue. Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) acts as a mechanical stimulus which promotes biological healing processes through a mechanotransduction. The biological effects of ESWT are reported such as tissue regeneration, wound healing, angiogenesis, bone remodeling, and anti-inflammation. Until now, however, little is known about the basic mechanism of action of this type of therapy. This article describes the molecular mechanism on the current status of ESWT with pre-clinical and clinical applications for treating disorders in bone.

“…In addition, many studies including ours reported positive effects of ESWT in various arthritic joints in animals [14][15][16][17][18]. Our previous studies demonstrated that ESWT is chondroprotective in the initiation of OA changes of the knee [19,20], and induces regression or retardation of established OA changes of the knee in rats [21]. Many studies including ours reported a dose-related effect of ESWT in bone [22], tendon [23], epigastric skin flap [24], tenocyte [25], osteoarthritis of the knee [26] and cells [27].…”

Section: Research Papermentioning

confidence: 81%

Next-generation Sequencing Identifies Articular Cartilage and Subchondral Bone Mirnas after ESWT on Early Osteoarthritis Knee

Osteoarthritis and Cartilage

et al. 2017

Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) has shown chondroprotective effects on the initiation of the osteoarthritis (OA) changes of the rat knee. This study evaluated 69 significant expressed profiles of microRNA (miRNA) in the articular cartilage and subchondral bone after ESWT. There were 118 target genes identified for miRNAs of interest in articular cartilage and 214 target genes in subchondral bone by next generation sequencing (NGS). In principal component analysis (PCA), the relationships of miRNA expression in bone and cartilage were improved after ESWT. Global functional annotation showed that predicted targets were involved in cartilage development, inflammatory and immune response, ion binding, angiogenesis, cell adhesion, cell cycle, transcription and translation, gene expression, NTP binding, signal transduction, collagen fibril organization, apoptotic process, chondrocyte differentiation, cell differentiation, bone development as well as cell proliferation. The miRNAs profile and the target genes were comprehensively surveyed and compared in articular cartilage and subchondral bone of early OA knee before and after ESWT. Our study represents the direct assessment to date of miRNA expression profiling in early OA articular cartilage and subchondral bone. The results provide insights that could contribute to the development of new biomarkers and therapeutic strategies for OA changes and the treatment with ESWT.