Extract from Periostracum cicadae Inhibits Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Induced by Ultraviolet B Irradiation on HaCaT Keratinocytes

Abstract

Periostracum cicadae is widely used for the treatment of skin diseases such as eczema, pruritus, and itching. The current study sought to evaluate the effect of P. cicadae extract on ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation and identify the mechanisms involved. Photodamage-protective activity of P. cicadae extracts against oxidative challenge was screened using HaCaT keratinocytes. P. cicadae extracts did not affect cell viability but decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The extract attenuates the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and MMP-9 in UVB-treated HaCaT cells. Also, P. cicadae abrogated UVB-induced activation of NF-κB, p53, and activator protein-1 (AP-1). The downmodulation of IL-6 by P. cicadae was inhibited by the p38 inhibitor (SB203580) or JNK inhibitor (SP600125). Moreover, the extract attenuated the expression of NF-κB and induced thrombomodulin in keratinocytes and thereby effectively downregulated inflammatory responses in the skin. The nuclear accumulation and expression of NF-E2-related factor (Nrf2) were increased by P. cicadae treatment. Furthermore, treatment with P. cicadae remarkably ameliorated the skin's structural damage induced by irradiation. This study demonstrates that P. cicadae may protect skin cells against oxidative insult by modulating ROS concentration, IL-6, MMPs generation, antioxidant enzymes activity, and cell signaling pathways.

Hydrangenol Isolated from the Leaves of Hydrangea serrata Attenuates Wrinkle Formation and Repairs Skin Moisture in UVB-Irradiated Hairless Mice

“…A previous publication has reported that Nrf2 regulates numerous skin barrier structural and functional components and consequently plays an important role in skin barrier function [32]. It was reported that the activation of Nrf2 is a promising target of photoprotective supplements including bixin [32], tanshinone I [53], Lycium barbarum polysaccharide [54], Periostracum cicadae [55], zerumbone [56], and gremlin [57]. Since hydrangenol was described in a previous study as reducing ROS in UVB-irradiated Hs68 cells [27] and inhibiting pro-inflammatory mediators by activating Nrf2-mediated HO-1 signaling in lipopolysaccharide-induced BV2 microglial cells [25], to validate this phenomenon in vivo, we studied the inductive effects of hydrangenol on Nrf2 and the expression of Nrf2/ARE-dependent genes in the UVB-irradiated HR-1 hairless mice.…”

The Extract of D. dasycarpus Ameliorates Oxazolone-Induced Skin Damage in Mice by Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Mechanisms

“…Furthermore, our results also showed that D. dasycarpus reduced inflammation activity via down-regulation of the p38 and JNK pathways, which could subsequently decrease IL-6 production [ 34 ]. D. dasycarpus displayed better anti-inflammatory bioactivity than the same concentration of P. cicadae upon oxazolone-stimulated in in vivo and in vitro models [ 19 ]. Hence, we propose that D. dasycarpus could be an antioxidant for therapy against skin exposure to oxazolone ( Figure 5 ).…”

“…The herbs were purchased from Sun Ten Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (New Taipei City, Taiwan). Periostracum cicadae (PC) and D. dasycarpus (DD) were extracted with 50% v / v ethanol as previously reported [ 19 ]. All dried extract was weighed and re-constituted in 0.1% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) containing culture medium to 1 mg/mL.…”

Andrographis paniculata and Its Bioactive Diterpenoids Against Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Keratinocytes

“…Extrinsic factors, such as solar radiation, induce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS affect keratinocytes, which in turn secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines and produce more ROS [ 6 ]. Inflammation and oxidative stress also cause the production and activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs).…”