Extract of ice plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum) ameliorates hyperglycemia and modulates the gut microbiota composition in type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats

Abstract

Ice plant extract (IPE), a rich source of d-pinitol, has a substantial effect on ameliorating hyperglycemia and modulating gut microbiota composition in diabetic GK (Goto-Kakizaki) rats.

Herbal formula LLKL ameliorates hyperglycaemia, modulates the gut microbiota and regulates the gut‐liver axis in Zucker diabetic fatty rats

“…In this study, we demonstrated that the bacterial diversity which decreased in ZDF rats was restored by LLKL treatment. In addition, we noted that Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the two most abundant populations in ZDF rats, which was consistent with previous studies 44,45 . Importantly, compared with the NC group, the gut microbiome in the MOD group showed a reduced abundance of Bacteroidetes and an increased proportion of Firmicutes , which resulted in an increase Firmicutes / Bacteroidetes ratio, whereas LLKL_H and LLKL_M treatments sufficiently reduced these differences.…”

“…Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the two most abundant populations in ZDF rats, which was consistent with previous studies. 44,45 Importantly, compared with the NC group, the gut microbiome in the MOD group showed a reduced abundance of Bacteroidetes and an increased proportion of Firmicutes, which resulted in an increase but consistent with other reports. 48,49 This evidence suggests that LLKL promotes the balance of gut microbiota in ZDF rats.…”

“…For example, probiotics have been identified as effective adjuvants to improve insulin resistance due to their gut microbiota regulation function 43 . Recent studies reported an increased ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes in both T2DM animal model and patients, which was positively correlated with FBG level and the inflammation status 44‐46 . Although the gut microbiota plays an important role in diabetes, the effect of LLKL on gut microbiota in ZDF rats is still unknown.…”

“…with FBG level and the inflammation status. [44][45][46] Although the gut microbiota plays an important role in diabetes, the effect of LLKL on gut microbiota in ZDF rats is still unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that the bacterial diversity which decreased in ZDF rats was restored by LLKL treatment.…”

Association Between Serum Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Levels and Salivary Microbiome Shifts

“…Treponema denticola and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans are increased in healthy periodontal sites in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus compared with those without diabetes mellitus (Aemaimanan et al, 2013). Decreased abundance of Treponema 2 was recorded after treatment in type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats (Zhang et al, 2019). Campylobacter is a Gram-negative bacillus and involved in many human diseases including gastroenteritis, abortion, septicemia, inflammatory bowel disease, and periodontitis (Lee et al, 2016).…”