Extract of Irish potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) decreases body weight gain and adiposity and improves glucose control in the mouse model of diet‐induced obesity

Abstract

Both sexes of mice were fed a high fat diet (HFD) for 10 weeks without and with polyphenolic-rich potato extracts (PRPE) of cultivars Onaway and Russet Burbank. PRPE attenuated weight gain in male and female mice by as much as 63.2%, which was associated mostly with a reduction in adiposity. Mice receiving PRPE showed enhanced capacity for blood glucose clearance. Sex differences regarding the impact of HFD and PRPE on plasma levels of insulin, ghrelin, leptin, gastric inhibitory peptide, and resistin were noted. PRPE may serve as part of a preventative dietary strategy against the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Health‐beneficial properties of potato and compounds of interest

“…69 The most studied protease inhibitors from potato tuber are potato protease inhibitor I (PI-1), potato protease inhibitor II (PI-2) and potato carboxypeptidase inhibitor (PCI). 69 Although PIs were considered as antinutritional compounds, they have regained interest in recent years because wileyonlinelibrary.com/jsfa Antidiabetic Reduce gut glucose absorption; increase insulin sensitivity; inhibit hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase; reduce oxidative stress and overall food intake 2,16,99,116 Antihypertensive Reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressure; inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) 8,142 Anticancer Prevent proliferation of cancer cells; up-regulate expression of cellular antioxidant enzymes; block inflammatory mediators linked to cancer; suppress ROS-mediated NF-kB, AP-1 and MAPK activation 18,19,75,133 Antiobesity Inhibit lipid metabolism through down-regulation of expression of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and uncoupled protein 3 (UCP-3); suppress adipogenesis 74,99 Anthocyanins Antioxidant Prevent oxidative damage to DNA; prevent lipid oxidation; up-regulate expression of cellular antioxidant enzymes 25,28,80,82 Anticancer Suppress proliferation and elevate apoptosis; induce mitochondrial release and nuclear uptake of proapoptotic Endo G and AIF proteins; cytotoxic effect against cancer cell lines 130,131,134 Anti-inflammatory Reduce plasma concentrations of CRP, 8-hydrodeoxyguanosine and IL-6 28 Potato starch Hypoglycemic Reduce glycemic response of food 115 (resistant and phosphorylated starch)…”

Breeding Differently: Participatory Selection and Scaling Up Innovations in Colombia

“…Chlorogenic acid was the major representative and varied between 0.77 and 7.98 g kg −1 DW (dry weight) followed by crypto-chlorogenic acid (from 0.09 to 1.50 g kg −1 DW). These are promising results because chlorogenic acid is reported as a health-promoting compound (Andre et al 2007b;Kubow et al 2014;Sadeghi et al 2016;Gálvez-Santana et al 2017) and it is present in high concentration in Colombian germplasm and in the more nutritious potatoes ).…”

“…Micronutrient deficiencies are a major problem for Food Security and Nutrition (FSN) and overall health for the population (Andre et al 2007a;Godfray and Garnett 2014;Kubow et al 2014). The nutritional problem with the highest prevalence in Colombia is anaemia: more than 32% of the population under 5 years of age have iron deficiency anaemia and more than 43% of the population have micronutrient deficiencies such as zinc and vitamin A (ENSIN , 2010.…”

“…Therefore, potatoes can play a significant role in addressing food insecurity and nutritional problems, which are the major causes of the global health challenge. The potato, in addition to being a source of energy and fibre, has important nutritional traits (Clayton and Percival 2000; Andre et al 2007a;Nassar et al 2012;Ezekiel et al 2013;Peña et al 2015) and contains health-promoting compounds such as polyphenols and chlorogenic acid (Andre et al 2009;Kubow et al 2014;Liyao et al 2016;Piñeros-Niño et al 2016). Because of its high consumption and its nutritional attributes, and because it is the economic axis of thousands of small-scale producers, the potato is a crop that can effectively link agriculture and nutrition and achieve an impact in the rural sector.…”

Recent Insights Into Health Benefits of Carotenoids

“…Because humans are incapable of biosynthesizing carotenoids, any potential health benefit directly depends on the uptake of carotenoids from the diet. In addition, the physical deposition state of the carotenoids within the respective food, being either solid crystalline, liquid-crystalline, lipid-dissolved, or protein-bound, is proposed to exert a significant influence on bioavailability (Cooperstone et al, 2015;Schweiggert and Carle, 2016;Schweiggert et al, 2014). Although the absorption of these compounds generally follows the pathway of other dietary lipids, numerous factors are to be considered regarding their bioavailability.…”