Extractability and bioavailability of zinic, nickle, cadmium and copper in three Danish soils sampled 5 years after application of sewage sludge

Sanders, J. Roger; Adams, T. McM.; Christensen, Bent T.

doi:10.1002/jsfa.2740371203

Cited by 46 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…After drying, the plants were ground to a powder and ashed. The ashed samples were digested in concentrated nitric acid (Nitric Acid Digestion) (Sanders et al, 1986) and filtered through a membrane filter (0.45 lm). The same method was used to digest the soil samples for Cs and Sr analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotype x environment interaction in the uptake of Cs and Sr from soils by plants

Melnitchouck

Hodson

2004

Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk.

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Summary ± ZusammenfassungThe soil-plant transfer factors for Cs and Sr were analyzed in relationship to soil properties, crops, and varieties of crops. Two crops and two varieties of each crop: lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), cv. Salad Bowl Green and cv. Lobjoits Green Cos, and radish (Raphanus sativus L.), cv. French Breakfast 3 and cv. Scarlet Globe, were grown on five different soils amended with Cs and Sr to give concentrations of 1 mg kg ±1 and 50 mg kg ±1 of each element. Soil-plant transfer coefficients ranged between 0.12±19.10 (Cs) and 1.48±146.10 (Sr) for lettuce and 0.09±13.24 (Cs) and 2.99±93.00 (Sr) for radish. Uptake of Cs and Sr by plants depended on both plant and soil properties. There were significant (P £ 0.05) differences between soil-plant transfer factors for each plant type at the two soil concentrations. At each soil concentration about 60 % of the variance in the uptake of the Cs and Sr was due to soil properties. For a given concentration of Cs or Sr in soil, the most important factor effecting soil-plant transfer of these elements was the soil properties rather than the crops or varieties of crops. Therefore, for the varieties considered here, soil-plant transfer of Cs and Sr would be best regulated through the management of soil properties. At each concentration of Cs and Sr, the main soil properties effecting the uptake of Cs and Sr by lettuce and radish were the concentrations of K and Ca, pH and CEC. Together with the concentrations of contaminants in soils, they explained about 80 % of total data variance, and were the best predictors for soil-plant transfer. The different varieties of lettuce and radish gave different responses in soil-plant transfer of Cs and Sr in different soil conditions, i.e. genotype x environment interaction caused about 30 % of the variability in the uptake of Cs and Sr by plants. This means that a plant variety with a low soil-plant transfer of Cs and Sr in one soil could have an increased soil-plant transfer factor in other soils. The broad implications of this work are that in contaminated agricultural lands still used for plant growing, contaminant-excluding crop varieties may not be a reliable method for decreasing contaminant transfer to foodstuffs. Modification of soil properties would be a more reliable technique. This is particularly relevant to agricultural soils in the former USSR still affected by fallout from the Chernobyl disaster. Wechselwirkungen Genotyp x Umwelt im Hinblick auf die Aufnahme von Cs und Sr aus Böden durch PflanzenDie Transferfaktoren von Cs und Sr vom Boden zur Pflanze wurden in Zusammenhang mit den Bodeneigenschaften, der Fruchtart und der Sorte untersucht. Zwei Fruchtarten mit je zwei Sorten: Salat (Lactua sativa L.) cv. Salad Bowl Green und cv. Lobjoits Green Cos, und Rettich (Raphanus sativus L.) cv. French Breakfast 3 und cv. Scarlet Globe, wurden in fünf verschiedenen Böden, die mit Cs und Sr in Konzentrationen von je 1 mg kg ±1 und 50 mg kg ±1 angereichert wurden, untersucht. Die Boden-Pflanze-Transferkoeffizienten vari...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotype x environment interaction in the uptake of Cs and Sr from soils by plants

Melnitchouck

Hodson

2004

Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk.

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“…No LV, ocorreram acréscimos nas frações de óxidos (não-cristalinos e cristalinos) com a aplicação de corretivos. Sanders et al (1986) relataram que o Ni foi susceptível às alterações no pH, após aplicação de biossólido ao solo, sendo encontrado nas frações mais estáveis do solo.…”

Section: Níquelunclassified

“…Deste modo, é esperado que ocorram mudanças entre os teores de metais nas diversas frações do solo. A importância da matéria orgânica na complexação de metais foi demonstrada por Sanders et al (1986) que observaram aumentos nos teores de Zn, Ni, Cd e Cu extraídos da fração orgânica do solo, após cinco anos de aplicações de biossólido. Resultado semelhante foi obtido por McGrath et al (1988) para Mn, Cu e Zn em solos que receberam aplicações de turfa.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Metais pesados do solo após aplicação de biossólido: I - Fracionamento

Borges

Coutinho

2004

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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“…The actual quantity of DSP formed depends on the amount of reactive silica from kaolin in the original bauxite, which may vary from 5 to 40 wt. % of the red mud solids [65]. Separating the DSP from red mud or DSP beneficiation would reduce the amount of inert material to be treated in prospective caustic soda recovery processes.…”

Section: Formation Of Dspmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall, the extractable Zn obtained using CBD method in the present study is low as compared with other dissolved metals. The low recovery of Zn using the CBD might also be ascribed to the pH (~7.3) used in this work, since increasing pH value decreases Zn in the water soluble fraction as well as in the exchangeable fraction of soils [64,65]. Since goethite and haematite have a great potential Chapter 4 99 for isomorphic substitution of iron by Cr [66,67], the dissolution of iron oxides with the CBD treatment would consequently lead to a release of Cr.…”

Section: Characterisation Of Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of desilication product in alumina industry

Silva¹

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Bayer process is used for the production of alumina from bauxite which contains siliceous minerals known as reactive silica. Reactive silica is also digested during the Bayer process, forming desilication product (DSP) which traps significant amount of sodium from the caustic soda used. DSP containing red mud is discarded to the bauxite residue storage areas causing alarming economic and environmental concerns to the alumina industry.Separation of DSP from red mud is a critical step to subsequent sodium recovery. Therefore, methods of separating DSP from red mud originated in a Western Australian alumina refinery were investigated in the present study. Red mud classified into five size classes was characterised using particle size measurement, material density, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photon spectroscopy, electron microscopy fitted with energy dispersive spectroscopy. Size separation alone resulted in an increase of DSP from ~7% to 12-14% in finer size classes of red mud. Since red mud contains more than 50% iron oxides, dissolution of these oxides would invariably result in an increase of DSP, therefore, several dissolution mechanisms of these oxides were investigated. Sodium Citrate-Bicarbonate-Dithionite (CBD) method resulted in an increase of DSP content from ~12 to 22%, while a comparative study was also carried out using deferroxiamine B (DFO-B) as the complexing agent. The use of ultrasonically assisted-CBD resulted in a significant improvement of iron dissolution from red mud. Floatation behaviour of three key minerals (DSP, goethite and haematite) in red mud was also investigated through the use of ionic surfactants (CTAB and potassium Oleate) in neutral and basic pH value ranges (7.5-11.5). Electrostatic attraction was recognised as the mechanism of ionic collector attachment during floatation, which was explained through zeta potential and PZC measurements. Actual red mud was also used for the floatation studies with the ionic surfactants as collectors. CTAB provided superior performance compared with potassium oleate during floatation of red mud in terms of DSP recovery after ultrasonic pre-

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Extractability and bioavailability of zinic, nickle, cadmium and copper in three Danish soils sampled 5 years after application of sewage sludge

Cited by 46 publications

References 9 publications

Genotype x environment interaction in the uptake of Cs and Sr from soils by plants

Genotype x environment interaction in the uptake of Cs and Sr from soils by plants

Metais pesados do solo após aplicação de biossólido: I - Fracionamento

Recovery of desilication product in alumina industry

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