Extractability of slurry and fertilizer phosphorus in soil after repeated freezing

Abstract

The potential effects of freezing on phosphorus (P) chemistry in Finnish soils are not well known. We studied the effects of multiple freeze-thaw cycles on soil P chemistry in a laboratory incubation experiment with one organic and one mineral surface soil. The soils were incubated at +5°C or at alternating +5/-20°C temperatures for 24 weeks, either without amendment or amended with pig slurry or with commercial compound fertilizer . After incubation, the soils were analyzed for water-soluble reactive and unreactive P, and acid ammonium acetate soluble P (P AAA ). Freezing and thawing of soils during the incubation had no significant effect on any of the water-soluble P fractions or P AAA . The outcome was most likely a consequence of the good P status of the soils, which masked the gentle effects of freezing. According to these results, the time of soil sampling (fall vs. spring) has no effect on P test results on soils with a good P status. Concentrations of soluble P after incubation were roughly twice as high in the slurry treatments than in the fertilizer treatments, demonstrating potentially better long-term availability of slurry P.

Effect of Freeze–Thaw Cycles on Phosphorus Fractions and Their Availability in Biochar-Amended Mollisols of Northeast China (Laboratory Experiment)

“…As a limiting nutrient for crop growth, phosphorus (P) in soil plays a critical role in plant energy metabolism, biochemical processes, and energy transformation [1]. A suitable level of P bioavailability in soilcan sustain agricultural yields [2]. Although P, composed of inorganic and organic forms, is abundant in soils (the average P content of soil is approximately 0.05% (w/w)), only 0.1% of the total P is available to plants because it occurs mostly in insoluble forms [3].…”