Extraction and characterization of cellulose from halophytes: next generation source of cellulose fibre

Abstract

Cellulose content was estimated from Tamarix aphylla, Juncus rigidus, and Thespesia populnea growing in saline soil at salt farm experimental plot of Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India. Cellulose was extracted from the plant samples by the treatment of NaClO 2 followed by NaOH, HCl, and H 2 O 2. Extracted cellulose samples were fractionated to α-cellulose and β-cellulose. Tamarix aphylla was subject to different treatments, and among all the treatments the highest cellulose fibre was extracted from T1 (3.0% NaClO 2 followed by 17.5% NaOH, 4.0% HCl) with 33% α-cellulose having 61% crystallinity. Maximum (44.0%) crude cellulose (3.5% NaClO 2 followed by 2.0% NaOH, 5.0% HCl, 17.5% NaOH) was obtained from J2 treatment (J. rigidus) with 58.7% crystallinity, 33% α-cellulose with 62% crystallinity and TP3 (4.0% NaClO 2 followed by 4.0% NaOH, 5.5% HCl, 17.5% NaOH) was best for T. populnea with 39% highest crude cellulose with 64.4% crystallinity, 30% α-cellulose with 55% crystallinity. The cellulose related peaks were noted in XRD and FTIR spectra; lignin and hemicellulose related peaks were absent. This confirms the removal of lignin and hemicellulose from the isolated product. All the three halophytes growing in saline soil were found good source of cellulose. However, T. aphylla contain highest cellulose and α-cellulose with highest crystallinity as compared to J. rigidus, and T. populnea.

Wild Halophytic Phragmites karka Biomass Saccharification by Bacterial Enzyme Cocktail

“…Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy is generally used as a resourceful technique in order to study the structural changes. In PK-AT, the absence of lignin peaks was observed, particularly at 1,518 and 1,257 cm –1 , which showed removal of lignin due to dilute acid pretreatment as reported by Singh et al (2019) . The broad-band region at 2,918 cm –1 is of C–H stretching vibration which showed a cellulose component ( Jayaramudu et al, 2010 ).…”

Biological pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse for the production of fungal laccase and bacterial cellulase

“…The FTIR analysis of both pretreated and fermented SB showed significant changes in the structure of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Lignin content was evident in untreated SB by considering the region 1432 cm −1 [45]. The cellulose content remained intact after fungal pretreatment as revealed by the characteristic band in a region 897–898 cm −1 .…”

Bacterial Cellulose/Tomato Puree Edible Films as Moisture Barrier Structures in Multicomponent Foods

“…The broad band around 3300 cm –1 is ascribed to the stretching of the OH groups [ 24 ]. The C–O–C stretching at 1161 cm −1 is ascribed to β(1,4)-glycosidic linkages in cellulose [ 25 ] and the presence of esters in palm olein [ 26 ]. There are other bands related to cellulose, including the C–O–C asymmetric stretching of the cellulose rings [ 27 ], C–H rocking at the β-glycosidic linkage at 893 cm −1 [ 28 ], and the O–H out-of-phase bending at 667 cm −1 [ 29 ].…”