Extraction and characterization of holocellulose fibers by microwave‐assisted selective liquefaction of bamboo

Abstract

Microwave-assisted selective liquefaction was proposed and used as a novel method for the isolation of holocellulose fibers. The results showed that the bamboo lignin component and extractives were almost completely removed by using a liquefaction process at 120 8C for 9 min, and the residual lignin and extractives in the solid residue were as low as 0.65% and 0.49%, respectively. Increasing the reaction temperature or time could decrease the solid yield, but they can also enhance the removal of lignin and extractives from bamboo particles and increase the holocellulose content in the solid residue. The absorbance bands that characterized functional groups of lignin on the Fourier transform infrared spectra of the solid residue weakened or disappeared. The solid residue showed high crystallinity, indicating the removal of noncellulosic material. Small cracks were observed on the SEM images of the residue, which indicated that the fibers from liquefaction may be susceptible to chemical access or enzyme attack. V C 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43394.

Dilute Alkali and Hydrogen Peroxide Treatment of Microwave Liquefied Rape Straw Residue for the Extraction of Cellulose Nanocrystals

“…Chemical treatments were used to purify the residue for the extraction of CNCs. As compared with conventional liquefaction, microwave-assisted liquefaction could save more than 85% energy consumption [17], indicating that microwave heating has an energy advantage in liquefaction. By the referenced method [17], the energy consumption of rape straw liquefaction at 180 ∘ C for 7.5 min was 1.66 × 10 5 J (heating power of 378 W for 300 s plus maintaining power of 351 W for 150 s).…”

“…Despite the successful isolation of CNCs from plant cell by the aforementioned processes, there are still problems such as long treatment time and environmental pollution because of the use of concentrated alkali or acid and the acidified sodium chlorite. In our previous studies, microwaveassisted liquefaction was applied in selectively liquefying noncellulose components in bamboo to extract holocellulose fibers and nanofibers [16][17][18]. This is because microwaveassisted liquefaction catalyzed by acid could remarkably eliminate lignin and hemicelluloses with a high cellulose content retaining in the liquefied residue.…”

Microwave-assisted Liquefaction of Rape Straw for the Production of Bio-oils

“…Therefore, the energy consumption of microwave-assisted liquefaction would be lower than from conventional heating. As compared with conventional liquefaction, microwave-assisted liquefaction could save more than 85% energy consumption (Xie et al 2016b). Hence, it is safe to state that the microwave-assisted liquefaction is a time and energy saving method to convert renewable biomass into bio-oil.…”

Preparation and Characterization of Aldehyde-Functionalized Cellulosic Fibers through Periodate Oxidization of Bamboo Pulp

“…Cellulosic fibers isolated from lignocellulosic biomass can be used as reinforcing elements in polymeric matrices, and they are considered highly promising fillers in preparing sustainable composite materials (Xie et al 2016). Currently, wood is the primary source of cellulosic fibers.…”