Extraction and determination of opium alkaloids in urine samples using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography

Shamsipur, Mojtaba; Fattahi, Nazir

doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.08.033

Cited by 88 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Also, they have the high potential for abuse (UNODC 2016). Therefore, analysis of the opioids in biological samples has been considered as an important issue in the forensic and clinical toxicology (Gergov et al 2009;Shamsipur and Fattahi 2011). The determination of abused drugs in postmortem samples can provide some special challenges in comparison with clinical samples (Drummer 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SPE is a method with relatively good efficacy, but it is relatively time-consuming for some long processes such as the washing and evaporation of the solvents. Also, in some cases, the method recovery is not enough for trace analysis (Shamsipur and Fattahi 2011). Therefore, the development of rapid, easy and environment-friendly analytical methods is encouraged.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The method based on the formation of very small droplets of extraction solvent in the sample solution after injection of extractant and dispersive solvent into aqueous sample (Shamsipur and Fattahi 2011). The large contact surface area between the extraction solvent and aqueous sample forms a cloudy mixture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The DLLME is a simple, fast, efficient, environmentallyfriendly and economic method for sample preparation (Rezaee et al 2006;Nagaraju and Huang 2007;Shamsipur and Fattahi 2011). It has been used for various types of biological matrices (Li et al 2008;Xiong et al 2009;Mashayekhi et al 2010;Rezaee et al 2010a;Rezaee et al 2010b;Fernández et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of opioids in postmortem urine samples by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and high performance liquid chromatography with photo diode array detection

Alahyari

Setareh²,

Shekari³

et al. 2018

Egypt J Forensic Sci

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Background: Opioids abuse and related deaths are increasing in the world. Therefore, the design of new analytical methods for detection of opioids in biological samples is necessary for clinical and forensic settings. Methods: In this study, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) combined with high-performance liquid chromatography with photo diode array detector (HPLC-PDA), as a new and sensitive method were examined for the extraction and determination of morphine, codeine and methadone in postmortem urine samples. Effective factors on DLLME were optimized. The extracts were analyzed by HPLC-PDA using a Eurospher® C 18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, particle size: 5 μm). Results: The volumes of chloroform as the extraction solvent and acetone as the dispersive solvent were selected 300 μl and 500 μl, respectively. The optimum pH 9.8 and extraction time was 0.5 min were selected. Under optimum condition, the enrichment factor and the recovery of morphine, codeine, and methadone spiked into postmortem urine samples were in the range of 175-215.8 and 87.5-107.9%, respectively. Calibration curves for each analyte are linear in the range of 0.5-100 μg ml

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Analysis of opioids in postmortem urine samples by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and high performance liquid chromatography with photo diode array detection

Alahyari

Setareh²,

Shekari³

et al. 2018

Egypt J Forensic Sci

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“…Mostly, the presence of papaverine together with opiates has been studied [82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90] and many findings are available as concerns its identification in blood samples from opiate drug users [83,86,87,89,90]. It is very rarely detected by means of UV/VIS photometry in chromatographic methods.…”

Section: Chromatographic Separation Problems Of Drugs With Different mentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges of HPLC method development and validation for the assay of combined drug products

Kalmár¹

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A rapid and cost‐effective method based on dispersive liquid‐liquid microextraction coupled to injection port silylation‐gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry for determination of morphine in illicit opium

Jain

Singh

Kumari

et al. 2020

Analytical Science Advances

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A simple, rapid, cost‐effective and environment friendly analytical method based on dispersive liquid‐liquid microextraction (DLLME) coupled to injection port silylation (IPS)–gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry is described for the determination of morphine in illicit opium samples. Raw opium was dispersed in ultrapure water and 5 mL of aqueous sample was subjected to DLLME by rapidly injecting a mixture of chloroform and acetone (extraction and disperser solvent, respectively) followed by ultrasonication for 1 min and subsequent centrifugation for 3 min at 5000 rpm. The sedimented phase thus obtained was reconstituted in acetonitrile and 1 µL along with 1 µL of N,O‐Bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide (BSA) was injected manually into GC‐MS injection port at a temperature of 250°C. The derivatization reaction was completed instantaneously inside the heated GC‐MS injection port without any side product. Various parameters associated with IPS and DLLME have been thoroughly optimized. Under the optimized conditions, the method has been found linear in the range of 5‐50 µg/mL with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.997. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for morphine‐diTMS were found to be 1.6 and 4.8 µg/mL. The method has been successfully applied for the quantitative analysis of morphine in illicit opium samples. In conclusion, the proposed method has completely eliminated the time consuming and laborious steps of LLE and in‐vial silylation and can be routinely used for analysis of opium and other polar analytes in forensic science laboratories.

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Extraction and determination of opium alkaloids in urine samples using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography

Cited by 88 publications

References 46 publications

Analysis of opioids in postmortem urine samples by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and high performance liquid chromatography with photo diode array detection

Analysis of opioids in postmortem urine samples by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and high performance liquid chromatography with photo diode array detection

Challenges of HPLC method development and validation for the assay of combined drug products

A rapid and cost‐effective method based on dispersive liquid‐liquid microextraction coupled to injection port silylation‐gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry for determination of morphine in illicit opium

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