Extraction and purification of ustiloxin A from rice false smut balls by a combination of macroporous resin and high-speed countercurrent chromatography

Wang, Gang; He, Dan; Zhao, Fang; Hu, Jin; Lee, Yin-Won; Shi, Jianrong; Xu, Jianhong

doi:10.1186/s43014-020-00043-9

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 30 publications

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“…These results could be attributed to the high sensitivity of ustiloxins D and F on the LC-MS/MS instrument. Our findings are consistent with previous studies, which reported that ustiloxin A was the major and common ustiloxin in rice grain and false smut balls [19,37]. According to our results, the contamination of ustiloxins in rice from southern China is widespread and severe.…”

Section: The Occurrence Of Ustiloxins In Paddy Samplessupporting

confidence: 93%

Natural Contamination of Rice with Ustiloxins and the Connection with Climate Conditions in Southern China

Miao,

Liu

et al. 2024

Agronomy

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Mycotoxins often contaminate rice, which are the secondary metabolites of fungi. Ustiloxins, a type of mycotoxin that has often been overlooked, pose a significant risk to human health. Therefore, identifying and controlling the pollution of ustiloxins in rice is required. In this study, we examined the natural contamination of rice with ustiloxins and their link to climate conditions. A total of 300 paddy samples were collected from six regions in southern China, and concentrations of ustiloxins A, B, C, D, and F were analyzed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Results showed that the occurrence of ustiloxins A, B, C, D, and F in paddies was found to be 55.7%, 41.3%, 29.0%, 93.7%, and 96.7%, respectively. Ustiloxin A had the highest mean (177.8 µg/kg) and maximum (3620.9 µg/kg) concentration, followed, in order, by ustiloxins C, B, D, and F. Furthermore, ustiloxin levels were significantly different depending on their origin, with the highest concentration in rice from Changde and Yueyang. And the regional difference in ustiloxins was related to the diversity of climate. A positive correlation between ustiloxin occurrence and mean humidity and precipitation was found in July and August of different regions, while mean temperature indicated a negative dependence. This is an essential survey of the contamination of rice with ustiloxins throughout southern China. The influence of climatic conditions on ustiloxins contamination was evaluated for the first time in our study. Overall, the rice samples examined in this study exhibited a high distribution of ustiloxins, suggesting that regulatory limits and the establishment of maximum allowable levels of ustiloxins in rice are necessary. This study provides a basis and guidance for the pollution situation and control strategy of ustiloxins in China.

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Section: The Occurrence Of Ustiloxins In Paddy Samplessupporting

confidence: 93%

Natural Contamination of Rice with Ustiloxins and the Connection with Climate Conditions in Southern China

Miao,

Liu

et al. 2024

Agronomy

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Rapid detection of the rice false smut fungus Ustilaginoidea virens by lateral flow strip-based recombinase polymerase amplification assay

Xi,

Wan,

et al. 2024

Journal of Integrative Agriculture

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UvVelC is important for conidiation and pathogenicity in the rice false smut pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens

Yu,

Song,

et al. 2024

Virulence

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Rice false smut disease is one of the most significant rice diseases worldwide. Ustilaginoidea virens is the causative agent of this disease. Although several developmental and pathogenic genes have been identified and functionally analyzed, the pathogenic molecular mechanisms of U. virens remain elusive. The velvet family regulatory proteins are involved in fungal development, conidiation, and pathogenicity. In this study, we demonstrated the function of the VelC homolog UvVELC in U. virens . We identified the velvet family protein UvVELC and characterized its functions using a target gene deletion-strategy. Deletion of UvVELC resulted in conidiation failure and pathogenicity. The UvVELC expression levels during infection suggested that this gene might be involved in the early infection process. UvVELC is also important in resistance to abiotic stresses, the utilization efficiency of glucose, stachyose, raffinose, and other sugars, and the expression of transport-related genes. Moreover, UvVELC could physically interact with UvVEA in yeast, and UvVELC / UvVEA double-knockout mutants also failed in conidiation and pathogenicity. These results indicate that UvVELC play a critical role in the conidiation and pathogenicity in U. virens . Functional analysis indicated that UvVELC-mediated conidiation and nutrient acquisition from rice regulates the pathogenicity of U. virens . Understanding the function of the UvVELC homolog could provide a potential molecular target for controlling rice false smut disease.

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Extraction and purification of ustiloxin A from rice false smut balls by a combination of macroporous resin and high-speed countercurrent chromatography

Cited by 4 publications

References 30 publications

Natural Contamination of Rice with Ustiloxins and the Connection with Climate Conditions in Southern China

Natural Contamination of Rice with Ustiloxins and the Connection with Climate Conditions in Southern China

Rapid detection of the rice false smut fungus Ustilaginoidea virens by lateral flow strip-based recombinase polymerase amplification assay

UvVelC is important for conidiation and pathogenicity in the rice false smut pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens

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