Extraction and quantification of pigments in aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria

Ruivo, Mickael; Cartaxana, Paulo; Cardoso, Maria Inês; Tenreiro, Ana; Tenreiro, Rogério; Jesus, Bruno

doi:10.4319/lom.2014.12.338

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…To assess growth and P uptake kinetics, time points were taken every 3–5 h for 88 h. Subsamples were collected at each time point for iron speciation, pigment analysis, total radioactivity, dissolved radioactivity, radioactivity incorporated into the biomass, and radioactivity bound to ferric iron particles or cellular biomass. The iron speciation measurements were conducted using the ferrozine assay 86 , while the pigments were extracted using a 7:2 methanol:acetone mixture 87 . The sample for dissolved radioactivity was measured after filtration to 0.2 µm by scintillation counting of 1 mL of filtrate, while the total radioactivity was measured without filtration.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anoxygenic photosynthesis and the delayed oxygenation of Earth’s atmosphere

et al. 2019

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The emergence of oxygenic photosynthesis created a new niche with dramatic potential to transform energy flow through Earth’s biosphere. However, more primitive forms of photosynthesis that fix CO 2 into biomass using electrons from reduced species like Fe(II) and H 2 instead of water would have competed with Earth’s early oxygenic biosphere for essential nutrients. Here, we combine experimental microbiology, genomic analyses, and Earth system modeling to demonstrate that competition for light and nutrients in the surface ocean between oxygenic phototrophs and Fe(II)-oxidizing, anoxygenic photosynthesizers (photoferrotrophs) translates into diminished global photosynthetic O 2 release when the ocean interior is Fe(II)-rich. These results provide a simple ecophysiological mechanism for inhibiting atmospheric oxygenation during Earth’s early history. We also find a novel positive feedback within the coupled C-P-O-Fe cycles that can lead to runaway planetary oxygenation as rising atmospheric p O 2 sweeps the deep ocean of the ferrous iron substrate for photoferrotrophy.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anoxygenic photosynthesis and the delayed oxygenation of Earth’s atmosphere

et al. 2019

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“…A further clarification spin of the extracts was performed for 10 min at 20,000 g prior to analysis by HPLC. The use of an acetone:methanol 7:2 (v/v) solvent mixture and an extraction not exceeding 15 min has been described for the extraction of pigments in anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (Ruivo et al, 2014). For the HPLC analysis, we follow the procedure previously described in Frigaard, Maresca, Yunker, Jones, and Bryant (2004).…”

Section: Part I -Analysis Of Lake Cadagno: Nitrogen Analysis For Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon isotope fractionation by anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria in euxinic Lake Cadagno

et al. 2017

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Anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria utilize ancient metabolic pathways to link sulfur and iron metabolism to the reduction of CO . In meromictic Lake Cadagno, Switzerland, both purple sulfur (PSB) and green sulfur anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (GSB) dominate the chemocline community and drive the sulfur cycle. PSB and GSB fix carbon utilizing different enzymatic pathways and these fractionate C-isotopes to different extents. Here, these differences in C-isotope fractionation are used to constrain the relative input of various anoxygenic phototrophs to the bulk community C-isotope signal in the chemocline. We sought to determine whether a distinct isotopic signature of GSB and PSB in the chemocline persists in the settling fraction and in the sediment. To answer these questions, we also sought investigated C-isotope fractionation in the water column, settling material, and sediment of Lake Cadagno, compared these values to C-isotope fractionation of isolated anoxygenic phototroph cultures, and took a mass balance approach to investigate relative contributions to the bulk fractionation signature. We found a large C-isotope fractionation between dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and particulate organic carbon (POC) in the Lake Cadagno chemocline. This large fractionation between the DIC and POC was also found in culture experiments carried out with anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria isolated from the lake. In the Lake Cadagno chemocline, anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria controlled the bulk C-isotope fractionation, but the influence of GSB and PSB differed with season. Furthermore, the contribution of PSB and GSB to bulk C-isotope fractionation in the chemocline could be traced in the settling fraction and in the sediment. Taken together with other studies, such as lipid biomarker analyzes and investigations of other stratified lakes, these results offer a firmer understanding of diagenetic influences on bacterial biomass.

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“…E . longus DSM 6997 was selected as a reference strain because it possesses both bacteriochlorophyll a and carotenoids, such as zeaxanthin (Ruivo et al, 2014). Bacterial cells were harvested by centrifugation (5250 g , 20°C, 30 min).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Erythrobacter longus DSM 6997 was obtained directly from DSMZ's culture collection and grown up in marine agar (Difco 2216) as specified, after which it was grown up and maintained the same as the GPGPB isolates. E. longus DSM 6997 was selected as a reference strain because it possesses both bacteriochlorophyll a and carotenoids, such as zeaxanthin (Ruivo et al, 2014). Bacterial cells were harvested by centrifugation (5250g, 20 C, 30 min).…”

Section: Extraction Of Pigments and Hplc Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pellets were resuspended with 3 ml of fresh medium and sonicated using a microtip in an ice bath for 7 min (HTU SONI 130, 1 s pulse, 2 s pause, amplitude 70%, total treatment time 21 min). The suspension was then centrifuged again (10 min 18,000g, RT), the supernatant discarded, and the pellet stored at À20 C. The subsequent extraction of molecules under dim light was based on Ruivo et al protocols (Ruivo et al, 2014). Pellets were suspended in acetone:methanol 7:2 (v/v), sonicated in a bath (Branson 2210), vortexed, and then placed in a cooling block at À20 C to achieve a total extraction time of 15 min.…”

Section: Extraction Of Pigments and Hplc Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hunting for pigments in bacterial settlers of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch

Scales,

Hassenrück,

Moldaenke

et al. 2024

Environmental Microbiology

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The Great Pacific Garbage Patch, a significant collection of plastic introduced by human activities, provides an ideal environment to study bacterial lifestyles on plastic substrates. We proposed that bacteria colonizing the floating plastic debris would develop strategies to deal with the ultraviolet‐exposed substrate, such as the production of antioxidant pigments. We observed a variety of pigmentation in 67 strains that were directly cultivated from plastic pieces sampled from the Garbage Patch. The genomic analysis of four representative strains, each distinct in taxonomy, revealed multiple pathways for carotenoid production. These pathways include those that produce less common carotenoids and a cluster of photosynthetic genes. This cluster appears to originate from a potentially new species of the Rhodobacteraceae family. This represents the first report of an aerobic anoxygenic photoheterotrophic bacterium from plastic biofilms. Spectral analysis showed that the bacteria actively produce carotenoids, such as beta‐carotene and beta‐cryptoxanthin, and bacteriochlorophyll a. Furthermore, we discovered that the genetic ability to synthesize carotenoids is more common in plastic biofilms than in the surrounding water communities. Our findings suggest that plastic biofilms could be an overlooked source of bacteria‐produced carotenoids, including rare forms. It also suggests that photoreactive molecules might play a crucial role in bacterial biofilm communities in surface water.

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Extraction and quantification of pigments in aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria

Cited by 13 publications

References 45 publications

Anoxygenic photosynthesis and the delayed oxygenation of Earth’s atmosphere

Anoxygenic photosynthesis and the delayed oxygenation of Earth’s atmosphere

Carbon isotope fractionation by anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria in euxinic Lake Cadagno

Hunting for pigments in bacterial settlers of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch

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