Extraction, Chemical Composition, and Protective Effect of Essential Oil from Chimonanthus nitens Oliv. Leaves on Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis in Mice

Abstract

In this study, the essential oil (EO) was extracted by steam distillation from Chimonanthus nitens Oliv, and the extraction process was optimized by response surface methodology. The optimum process conditions are as follows: extraction time of 4.57 h, soaking time of 1.33 h, and solid-liquid ratio of 1 : 21.4. Under these conditions, the theoretical yield of EO is 1.5624%. The EO compounds were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 52 chemical components were detected, among which the content of 3-(4,8-dimethylnona-3,7-dienyl)-furan was the highest, accounting for 21.43% of the total peak area. The EO showed good antioxidant activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2 ′ -azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and reducing power. In this study, we observed the protective effect of EO on ulcerative colitis (UC) induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in mice. EO effectively delayed weight loss and reduced DAI score. Histological examination also observed a significant reduction in damage in the EO group. The colon length of mice in DSS group was the shortest, and the colon length of mice in EO treatment group was longer than that in model group, but shorter than that in normal group ( NOR : 8.17 ± 0.39 cm ; DSS : 5.57 ± 0.93 cm ; L − EO : 6.47 ± 0.78 cm ; M − EO : 5.98 ± 0.58 cm ; and H − EO : 6.1 ± 0.52 cm ). The GSH activity in the L-EO and SASP groups was significantly higher than that in the DSS group ( P < 0.01 ). SOD activity in L-EO and M-EO groups was also significantly higher than that in DSS treatment group ( P < 0.01 ). MDA was decreased in the EO treatment groups and the SASP group (L-EO, H-EO, SASP: P < 0.01 ; M-EO: P < 0.05 ). MPO of EO treatment group was lower than that of model group (the L-EO group was not significant, M-EO: P < 0.05 , H-EO: P < 0.05 ). This study shows that EO can effectively improve the symptoms of colitis.

Chemical Composition and Antibacterial and Antiulcerative Colitis Activities of Essential Oil from Pruni Semen

“…Essential oils from Chimonanthus nitens Oliv. leaves and Agastache mexicana produced comparable outcomes when administered at equivalent or higher dosages compared to our prescribed dosages of PSEO. , …”

“…leaves and Agastache mexicana produced comparable outcomes when administered at equivalent or higher dosages compared to our prescribed dosages of PSEO. 52,53 DSS treatment could induce UC by disrupting the intestinal mucosal barrier and then triggering inflammation in the intestinal epithelial cells. Prolonged intestinal inflammation leads to fibrosis, thickening of the intestinal wall, colon degeneration, shortening, and neutrophil infiltration, ultimately culminating in the destruction of crypts and goblet cells.…”

Metabolic profiling of Chimonanthus grammatus via UHPLC-HRMS-MS with computer-assisted structure elucidation and its antimicrobial activity

“…The chemical investigations in Chimonanthus revealed that these plants have high content of flavonoids (such as quercetin, kaempferol, rutin, hyperin, isoquercitrin, afzelin, etc. ), coumarins and terpenoids [such as 21.43% 3-(4,8-dimethylnona-3,7-dienyl)-furan, 10.51% longifolenaldehyde, 11.85% (+)-2-bornanone, 5.69% Δ-cadinene of Chimonanthus nitens ], while with low yield of bioactive alkaloids ( Shu et al., 2019 ; He et al., 2022 ; Chen et al., 2023 ). The results of this study matched well with the chemical investigations of Chimonanthus plants, and the nine active compounds isolated from C. grammatus included three flavonoids (47, 62, 68), three terpenoids (1, 67, 79), one coumarin (40), steroid (53) and organic acid (31).…”

Profiling aromatic constituents of Chimonanthus nitens Oliv. leaf granule using mass spectrometry

“…5,6 In addition, the volatile components are the key bioactive material basis. 7,8 However, in the granule preparation process, volatile oil is extracted separately and then sprayed on the granule directly. Moreover, no research has been reported on the chemical components of the granule.…”

“…Research on the chemical constituents of the leaf demonstrates that coumarins and flavonoids are its main constituents 5,6 . In addition, the volatile components are the key bioactive material basis 7,8 . However, in the granule preparation process, volatile oil is extracted separately and then sprayed on the granule directly.…”