Extraction of Aluminum and Iron from Bauxite: A Unique Closed-Loop Ore Refining Process Utilizing Oxalate Chemistry

Verma, Ankit; Corbin, David R.; Shiflett, Mark B.

doi:10.22541/au.162362374.48957826/v1

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Similar to the processes demonstrated in this work, Li has to be precipitated before the addition of the NMC oxalate. If any Fe 3+ and Al 3+ impurities are present, they can be selectively precipitated in the form of the respective metal hydroxides, as demonstrated in our previous work for bauxite ore. 41 The higher solubility of Li(OH) 2 compared to Fe and Al hydroxides will retain Li in the aqueous phase for Li 2 CO 3 precipitation. In the oxalate-rich basic solution after Li precipitation, the solid product comprising insoluble metal oxalates and graphite can be added slowly.…”

Section: E Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium and Cobalt Recovery from LiCoO₂ Using Oxalate Chemistry: Scale-Up and Techno-Economic Analysis

Verma

Henne

Corbin

et al. 2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Currently, approximately 59% of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) contain a lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO 2 ) cathode. Both lithium (Li) and cobalt (Co) are critical metals, and the efficient recycling of LiCoO 2 cathodes through an environmentally benign process is essential for a stable Li and Co economy. In this work, a closed-loop recycling process utilizing oxalic acid (H 2 C 2 O 4 ) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) was scaled-up to operate at a solid-to-liquid (S/L) ratio of 38 g/L. The H 2 C 2 O 4 process was operated at 100 °C with Li 2 CO 3 and Co(OH) 2 as the final products, whereas in the presence of H 2 O 2 , the metal extraction was operated at 75 °C. After the metal recovery, the H 2 C 2 O 4 was efficiently recycled using an ion exchange process. A techno-economic analysis was performed to compare the oxalate process with the H 2 SO 4 process operating at 65 °C and S/L = 100 g/L. The H 2 C 2 O 4 and H 2 C 2 O 4 + H 2 O 2 processes with 90% recycling of oxalate are equal in cost with the H 2 SO 4 process on a per kilogram LiCoO 2 production basis. An important difference is that the H 2 C 2 O 4 + H 2 O 2 process produces 50% less waste than the H 2 SO 4 + H 2 O 2 process. The H 2 C 2 O 4 and H 2 C 2 O 4 + H 2 O 2 processes provide the opportunity to recycle oxalate in order to create a closed-loop, economical, and environmentally friendly process for recovering critical metals such as Li and Co from LiCoO 2 . The oxalate process offers similar advantages for recycling other valuable metals from ore processing and waste streams.

show abstract

Section: E Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium and Cobalt Recovery from LiCoO₂ Using Oxalate Chemistry: Scale-Up and Techno-Economic Analysis

Verma

Henne

Corbin

et al. 2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Because of its ability to effectively remove pollutants from water, alum is one of the most common coagulants used in water treatment. The water treatment industry has been using this chemical for many years and continues to do so today (Verma et al 2021). Bauxite ore must undergo an expensive and energyintensive procedure to be converted into alum for industrial use (Ding, X. et al (2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Evaluation of Alum Crystals from Waste Aluminum Foils in Turbid Water Treatment

Olabimtan,

Akinlotan,

Omohu

et al. 2023

JIR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The disposal of waste aluminum foil is a significant environmental concern due to its non-biodegradable nature and potential to contaminate the surrounding ecosystem. In this study, we synthesized alum crystals from waste aluminum foil and evaluated their potential as an effective adsorbent for water treatment. The synthesis process involved the reaction of crushed aluminum foil with sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide to form aluminum hydroxide, which was then converted to alum crystals through a precipitation reaction. Chemical tests were conducted to confirm the presence of different ions in alum solution and solid alum crystals. The tests showed the presence of sulfate ions, potassium ions, and aluminum ions. Additionally, the study examined the effect of different dosages (10 to 100 mg/l) of alum on turbidity removal (triplicate) in water, where increasing the alum dosage led to an increase in turbidity removal, but beyond a certain point, the marginal increase in turbidity removal diminished. A dosage of around 40–50 mg/L was established as optimal for achieving a balance between effective turbidity removal and cost-effective use of alum, using a quadratic relationship to model a non-linear relationship between turbidity removal and alum dosage. This study demonstrates the potential of waste aluminum foil as a valuable resource for the synthesis of alum crystals, which can be used as an effective adsorbent for water treatment. Using waste materials for the synthesis of value-added products not only helps reduce environmental pollution but also contributes to the development of sustainable technologies. The results of this study have significant implications for the development of cost-effective and environmentally sustainable solutions for water treatment.

show abstract

Extraction of Aluminum and Iron from Bauxite: A Unique Closed-Loop Ore Refining Process Utilizing Oxalate Chemistry

Cited by 2 publications

References 24 publications

Lithium and Cobalt Recovery from LiCoO₂ Using Oxalate Chemistry: Scale-Up and Techno-Economic Analysis

Lithium and Cobalt Recovery from LiCoO₂ Using Oxalate Chemistry: Scale-Up and Techno-Economic Analysis

Synthesis and Evaluation of Alum Crystals from Waste Aluminum Foils in Turbid Water Treatment

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Extraction of Aluminum and Iron from Bauxite: A Unique Closed-Loop Ore Refining Process Utilizing Oxalate Chemistry

Cited by 2 publications

References 24 publications

Lithium and Cobalt Recovery from LiCoO2 Using Oxalate Chemistry: Scale-Up and Techno-Economic Analysis

Lithium and Cobalt Recovery from LiCoO2 Using Oxalate Chemistry: Scale-Up and Techno-Economic Analysis

Synthesis and Evaluation of Alum Crystals from Waste Aluminum Foils in Turbid Water Treatment

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Lithium and Cobalt Recovery from LiCoO₂ Using Oxalate Chemistry: Scale-Up and Techno-Economic Analysis

Lithium and Cobalt Recovery from LiCoO₂ Using Oxalate Chemistry: Scale-Up and Techno-Economic Analysis