Extraction of cells for single‐stage seeding of vascular‐bypass grafts

Abstract

Experimental data are reported for the seeding of prosthetic vascular grafts with either mesothelial or endothelial cells as part of a research strategy in tissue engineering with the aim of improving graft patency and developing new techniques for single-stage cell extraction and seeding that would give a step reduction in surgery time. New data are reported for two different sources of cells, peritoneal lavage and subcutaneous fat. All experiments were undertaken in patients undergoing abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Cells extracted from peritoneal lavage were insufficient for a single-stage seeding process. Subcutaneous fat was processed using either a positive cell-extraction method using CD31 Dynabeads or by a negative extraction method using CDw90-coated magnetic beads. Only positive cell extraction gave reliably sufficient numbers of endothelial cells as a source for single-stage seeding of vascular grafts.

Nitrogen‐Rich Plasma‐Polymerized Coatings on PET and PTFE Surfaces Improve Endothelial Cell Attachment and Resistance to Shear Flow

“…[6,10] Improved in vitro cellular adherence and better clinical results are encouraging, and they validate the clinical use of endothelialized grafts; [11] nevertheless, patency of small-diameter synthetic vessels remains a problem, and only sporadic clinical successes with small implants have so far been reported. [3,4,12] One main issue to improve the patency of EC-seeded small-diameter grafts remains cell-retention under flow, which has so far generally remained unsatisfactory.…”

Surface modification of POSS‐nanocomposite biomaterials using reactive oxygen plasma treatment for cardiovascular surgical implant applications

“…In the native tissue, the endothelium plays a major role in inhibiting such phenomena. Therefore, small-diameter bypass grafts with surface properties that comply or enhance endothelial cells' (ECs) interaction at the blood-biomaterial interface would represent a significant advance in design to maintain a confluent cell monolayer of functional nondifferentiated EC phenotypes [29][30][31][32][33]. For example, differential adhesion of proteins and cells in all biological systems strongly correlate with substratum surface energy (γ s ).…”

Mesothelial cell transplantation in the infarct scar induces neovascularization and improves heart function

“…We selected mesothelial cells (MCs) for cell therapy in MI because they are accessible in human patients by excision and digestion of epiploon or from peritoneal fluid or lavage [9,10], they are easy to culture to obtain large quantities in vitro and they can be genetically modified 0008 [9 -11]. These cells also display angiogenic properties that could be of interest in infarct scar remodeling.…”

“…The important potential of MCs in tissue engineering has recently been underlined [12] and this cell type is probably the precursor of coronary arteries during embryogenesis [13]. They have already been proposed for use in patients to seed vascular prostheses [10,14] and also to prevent adhesions in the peritoneal cavity [15]. MCs secrete a broad spectrum of angiogenic cytokines including SDF-1a, growth factors and extracellular matrix [16,17].…”